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+#region Copyright notice and license
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+// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
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+// Copyright 2015 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
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+// https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
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+//
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+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
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+// met:
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+//
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+// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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+// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
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+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
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+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
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+// distribution.
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+// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
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+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
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+// this software without specific prior written permission.
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+//
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+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
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+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
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+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
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+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
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+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
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+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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+#endregion
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+
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+using System;
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+
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+namespace Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes
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+{
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+ public partial class Timestamp
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+ {
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+ private static readonly DateTime UnixEpoch = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
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+ private static readonly long BclSecondsAtUnixEpoch = UnixEpoch.Ticks / TimeSpan.TicksPerSecond;
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+
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+ /// <summary>
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+ /// Returns the difference between one <see cref="Timestamp"/> and another, as a <see cref="Duration"/>.
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+ /// </summary>
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+ /// <param name="lhs">The timestamp to subtract from. Must not be null.</param>
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+ /// <param name="rhs">The timestamp to subtract. Must not be null.</param>
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+ /// <returns>The difference between the two specified timestamps.</returns>
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+ public static Duration operator -(Timestamp lhs, Timestamp rhs)
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+ {
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+ Preconditions.CheckNotNull(lhs, "lhs");
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+ Preconditions.CheckNotNull(rhs, "rhs");
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+ checked
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+ {
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+ return Duration.Normalize(lhs.Seconds - rhs.Seconds, lhs.Nanos - rhs.Nanos);
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ /// <summary>
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+ /// Adds a <see cref="Duration"/> to a <see cref="Timestamp"/>, to obtain another <c>Timestamp</c>.
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+ /// </summary>
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+ /// <param name="lhs">The timestamp to add the duration to. Must not be null.</param>
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+ /// <param name="rhs">The duration to add. Must not be null.</param>
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+ /// <returns>The result of adding the duration to the timestamp.</returns>
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+ public static Timestamp operator +(Timestamp lhs, Duration rhs)
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+ {
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+ Preconditions.CheckNotNull(lhs, "lhs");
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+ Preconditions.CheckNotNull(rhs, "rhs");
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+ checked
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+ {
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+ return Normalize(lhs.Seconds + rhs.Seconds, lhs.Nanos + rhs.Nanos);
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ /// <summary>
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+ /// Subtracts a <see cref="Duration"/> from a <see cref="Timestamp"/>, to obtain another <c>Timestamp</c>.
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+ /// </summary>
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+ /// <param name="lhs">The timestamp to subtract the duration from. Must not be null.</param>
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+ /// <param name="rhs">The duration to subtract.</param>
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+ /// <returns>The result of subtracting the duration from the timestamp.</returns>
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+ public static Timestamp operator -(Timestamp lhs, Duration rhs)
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+ {
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+ Preconditions.CheckNotNull(lhs, "lhs");
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+ Preconditions.CheckNotNull(rhs, "rhs");
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+ checked
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+ {
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+ return Normalize(lhs.Seconds - rhs.Seconds, lhs.Nanos - rhs.Nanos);
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ /// <summary>
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+ /// Converts this timestamp into a <see cref="DateTime"/>.
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+ /// </summary>
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+ /// <remarks>
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+ /// The resulting <c>DateTime</c> will always have a <c>Kind</c> of <c>Utc</c>.
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+ /// If the timestamp is not a precise number of ticks, it will be truncated towards the start
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+ /// of time. For example, a timestamp with a <see cref="Nanos"/> value of 99 will result in a
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+ /// <see cref="DateTime"/> value precisely on a second.
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+ /// </remarks>
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+ /// <returns>This timestamp as a <c>DateTime</c>.</returns>
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+ public DateTime ToDateTime()
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+ {
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+ return UnixEpoch.AddSeconds(Seconds).AddTicks(Nanos / Duration.NanosecondsPerTick);
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+ }
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+
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+ /// <summary>
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+ /// Converts this timestamp into a <see cref="DateTimeOffset"/>.
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+ /// </summary>
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+ /// <remarks>
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+ /// The resulting <c>DateTimeOffset</c> will always have an <c>Offset</c> of zero.
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+ /// If the timestamp is not a precise number of ticks, it will be truncated towards the start
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+ /// of time. For example, a timestamp with a <see cref="Nanos"/> value of 99 will result in a
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+ /// <see cref="DateTimeOffset"/> value precisely on a second.
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+ /// </remarks>
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+ /// <returns>This timestamp as a <c>DateTimeOffset</c>.</returns>
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+ public DateTimeOffset ToDateTimeOffset()
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+ {
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+ return new DateTimeOffset(ToDateTime(), TimeSpan.Zero);
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+ }
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+
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+ /// <summary>
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+ /// Converts the specified <see cref="DateTime"/> to a <see cref="Timestamp"/>.
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+ /// </summary>
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+ /// <param name="dateTime"></param>
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+ /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">The <c>Kind</c> of <paramref name="dateTime"/> is not <c>DateTimeKind.Utc</c>.</exception>
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+ /// <returns>The converted timestamp.</returns>
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+ public static Timestamp FromDateTime(DateTime dateTime)
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+ {
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+ if (dateTime.Kind != DateTimeKind.Utc)
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+ {
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+ throw new ArgumentException("Conversion from DateTime to Timestamp requires the DateTime kind to be Utc", "dateTime");
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+ }
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+ // Do the arithmetic using DateTime.Ticks, which is always non-negative, making things simpler.
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+ long secondsSinceBclEpoch = dateTime.Ticks / TimeSpan.TicksPerSecond;
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+ int nanoseconds = (int) (dateTime.Ticks % TimeSpan.TicksPerSecond) * Duration.NanosecondsPerTick;
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+ return new Timestamp { Seconds = secondsSinceBclEpoch - BclSecondsAtUnixEpoch, Nanos = nanoseconds };
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+ }
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+
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+ /// <summary>
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+ /// Converts the specified <see cref="DateTimeOffset"/> to a <see cref="Timestamp"/>.
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+ /// </summary>
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+ /// <param name="dateTime"></param>
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+ /// <returns>The converted timestamp.</returns>
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+ public static Timestamp FromDateTimeOffset(DateTimeOffset dateTimeOffset)
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+ {
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+ // We don't need to worry about this having negative ticks: DateTimeOffset is constrained to handle
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+ // values whose *UTC* value is in the range of DateTime.
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+ return FromDateTime(dateTimeOffset.UtcDateTime);
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+ }
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+
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+ private static Timestamp Normalize(long seconds, int nanoseconds)
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+ {
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+ int extraSeconds = nanoseconds / Duration.NanosecondsPerSecond;
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+ seconds += extraSeconds;
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+ nanoseconds -= extraSeconds * Duration.NanosecondsPerSecond;
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+
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+ if (nanoseconds < 0)
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+ {
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+ nanoseconds += Duration.NanosecondsPerSecond;
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+ seconds--;
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+ }
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+ return new Timestamp { Seconds = seconds, Nanos = nanoseconds };
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+ }
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+ }
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+}
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Jon Skeet