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<div class="title">GRPC C STYLE GUIDE </div>  </div>
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<div class="textblock"><h2>Background </h2>
<p>Here we document style rules for C usage in the gRPC Core library.</p>
<h2>General </h2>
<ul>
<li>Layout rules are defined by clang-format, and all code should be passed through clang-format. A (docker-based) script to do so is included in <a href="../tools/distrib/clang_format_code.sh">tools/distrib/clang_format_code.sh</a>.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Header Files </h2>
<ul>
<li>Public header files (those in the include/grpc tree) should compile as pedantic C89.</li>
<li>Public header files should be includable from C++ programs. That is, they should include the following: <div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="preprocessor">#ifdef __cplusplus</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="stringliteral">&quot;C&quot;</span> {</div><div class="line"><span class="preprocessor"># endif</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">/* ... body of file ... */</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="preprocessor">#ifdef __cplusplus</span></div><div class="line">}</div><div class="line"><span class="preprocessor"># endif</span></div></div><!-- fragment --></li>
<li>Header files should be self-contained and end in .h.</li>
<li><p class="startli">All header files should have a <code>#define</code> guard to prevent multiple inclusion. To guarantee uniqueness they should be based on the file's path.</p>
<p class="startli">For public headers: <code><a class="el" href="grpc_8h.html">include/grpc/grpc.h</a></code> → <code>GRPC_GRPC_H</code></p>
<p class="startli">For private headers: <code>src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack.h</code> → <code>GRPC_CORE_LIB_CHANNEL_CHANNEL_STACK_H</code></p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Variable Initialization </h2>
<p>When declaring a (non-static) pointer variable, always initialize it to <code>NULL</code>. Even in the case of static pointer variables, it's recommended to explicitly initialize them to <code>NULL</code>.</p>
<h2>C99 Features </h2>
<ul>
<li>Variable sized arrays are not allowed.</li>
<li>Do not use the 'inline' keyword.</li>
<li>Flexible array members are allowed (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexible_array_member">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexible_array_member</a>).</li>
</ul>
<h2>Comments </h2>
<p>Within public header files, only <code>/* */</code> comments are allowed.</p>
<p>Within implementation files and private headers, either single line <code>//</code> or multi line <code>/* */</code> comments are allowed. Only one comment style per file is allowed however (i.e. if single line comments are used anywhere within a file, ALL comments within that file must be single line comments).</p>
<h2>Symbol Names </h2>
<ul>
<li>Non-static functions must be prefixed by <code>grpc_</code></li>
<li>Static functions must <em>not</em> be prefixed by <code>grpc_</code></li>
<li>Typenames of <code>struct</code>s , <code>union</code>s, and <code>enum</code>s must be prefixed by <code>grpc_</code> if they are declared in a header file. They must not be prefixed by <code>grpc_</code> if they are declared in a source file.</li>
<li>Enumeration values and <code>#define</code> names must be uppercase. All other values must be lowercase.</li>
<li>Enumeration values or <code>#define</code> names defined in a header file must be prefixed with <code>GRPC_</code> (except for <code>#define</code> macros that are being used to substitute functions; those should follow the general rules for functions). Enumeration values or <code>#define</code>s defined in source files must not be prefixed with <code>GRPC_</code>.</li>
<li>Multiple word identifiers use underscore as a delimiter, <em>never</em> camel case. E.g. <code>variable_name</code>.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Functions </h2>
<ul>
<li>The use of <a href="http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/atexit.3.html"><code>atexit()</code></a> is in forbidden in libgrpc. </li>
</ul>
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