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| /* * * Copyright 2017 gRPC authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * */#include <deque>#include <memory>#include <mutex>#include <numeric>#include <set>#include <sstream>#include <string>#include <thread>#include <vector>#include <gmock/gmock.h>#include <gtest/gtest.h>#include "absl/memory/memory.h"#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"#include "absl/types/optional.h"#include <grpc/grpc.h>#include <grpc/support/alloc.h>#include <grpc/support/log.h>#include <grpc/support/time.h>#include <grpcpp/channel.h>#include <grpcpp/client_context.h>#include <grpcpp/create_channel.h>#include <grpcpp/server.h>#include <grpcpp/server_builder.h>#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/backup_poller.h"#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/fake/fake_resolver.h"#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/server_address.h"#include "src/core/ext/xds/xds_api.h"#include "src/core/ext/xds/xds_channel_args.h"#include "src/core/ext/xds/xds_client.h"#include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"#include "src/core/lib/gpr/env.h"#include "src/core/lib/gpr/tmpfile.h"#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/map.h"#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/ref_counted_ptr.h"#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/sync.h"#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/parse_address.h"#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/sockaddr.h"#include "src/core/lib/security/credentials/fake/fake_credentials.h"#include "src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.h"#include "src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.h"#include "test/core/util/port.h"#include "test/core/util/test_config.h"#include "test/cpp/end2end/test_service_impl.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/echo.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/ads_for_test.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/cds_for_test.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/eds_for_test.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/lds_rds_for_test.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/lrs_for_test.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/v3/ads.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/v3/cluster.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/v3/discovery.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/v3/endpoint.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/v3/http_connection_manager.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/v3/listener.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/v3/lrs.grpc.pb.h"#include "src/proto/grpc/testing/xds/v3/route.grpc.pb.h"namespace grpc {namespace testing {namespace {using std::chrono::system_clock;using ::envoy::config::cluster::v3::CircuitBreakers;using ::envoy::config::cluster::v3::Cluster;using ::envoy::config::cluster::v3::RoutingPriority;using ::envoy::config::endpoint::v3::ClusterLoadAssignment;using ::envoy::config::endpoint::v3::HealthStatus;using ::envoy::config::listener::v3::Listener;using ::envoy::config::route::v3::RouteConfiguration;using ::envoy::extensions::filters::network::http_connection_manager::v3::    HttpConnectionManager;using ::envoy::type::v3::FractionalPercent;constexpr char kLdsTypeUrl[] =    "type.googleapis.com/envoy.config.listener.v3.Listener";constexpr char kRdsTypeUrl[] =    "type.googleapis.com/envoy.config.route.v3.RouteConfiguration";constexpr char kCdsTypeUrl[] =    "type.googleapis.com/envoy.config.cluster.v3.Cluster";constexpr char kEdsTypeUrl[] =    "type.googleapis.com/envoy.config.endpoint.v3.ClusterLoadAssignment";constexpr char kLdsV2TypeUrl[] = "type.googleapis.com/envoy.api.v2.Listener";constexpr char kRdsV2TypeUrl[] =    "type.googleapis.com/envoy.api.v2.RouteConfiguration";constexpr char kCdsV2TypeUrl[] = "type.googleapis.com/envoy.api.v2.Cluster";constexpr char kEdsV2TypeUrl[] =    "type.googleapis.com/envoy.api.v2.ClusterLoadAssignment";constexpr char kDefaultLocalityRegion[] = "xds_default_locality_region";constexpr char kDefaultLocalityZone[] = "xds_default_locality_zone";constexpr char kLbDropType[] = "lb";constexpr char kThrottleDropType[] = "throttle";constexpr char kServerName[] = "server.example.com";constexpr char kDefaultRouteConfigurationName[] = "route_config_name";constexpr char kDefaultClusterName[] = "cluster_name";constexpr char kDefaultEdsServiceName[] = "eds_service_name";constexpr int kDefaultLocalityWeight = 3;constexpr int kDefaultLocalityPriority = 0;constexpr char kRequestMessage[] = "Live long and prosper.";constexpr char kDefaultServiceConfig[] =    "{\n"    "  \"loadBalancingConfig\":[\n"    "    { \"does_not_exist\":{} },\n"    "    { \"eds_experimental\":{\n"    "      \"clusterName\": \"server.example.com\",\n"    "      \"lrsLoadReportingServerName\": \"\"\n"    "    } }\n"    "  ]\n"    "}";constexpr char kDefaultServiceConfigWithoutLoadReporting[] =    "{\n"    "  \"loadBalancingConfig\":[\n"    "    { \"does_not_exist\":{} },\n"    "    { \"eds_experimental\":{\n"    "      \"clusterName\": \"server.example.com\"\n"    "    } }\n"    "  ]\n"    "}";constexpr char kBootstrapFileV3[] =    "{\n"    "  \"xds_servers\": [\n"    "    {\n"    "      \"server_uri\": \"fake:///xds_server\",\n"    "      \"channel_creds\": [\n"    "        {\n"    "          \"type\": \"fake\"\n"    "        }\n"    "      ],\n"    "      \"server_features\": [\"xds_v3\"]\n"    "    }\n"    "  ],\n"    "  \"node\": {\n"    "    \"id\": \"xds_end2end_test\",\n"    "    \"cluster\": \"test\",\n"    "    \"metadata\": {\n"    "      \"foo\": \"bar\"\n"    "    },\n"    "    \"locality\": {\n"    "      \"region\": \"corp\",\n"    "      \"zone\": \"svl\",\n"    "      \"subzone\": \"mp3\"\n"    "    }\n"    "  }\n"    "}\n";constexpr char kBootstrapFileV2[] =    "{\n"    "  \"xds_servers\": [\n"    "    {\n"    "      \"server_uri\": \"fake:///xds_server\",\n"    "      \"channel_creds\": [\n"    "        {\n"    "          \"type\": \"fake\"\n"    "        }\n"    "      ]\n"    "    }\n"    "  ],\n"    "  \"node\": {\n"    "    \"id\": \"xds_end2end_test\",\n"    "    \"cluster\": \"test\",\n"    "    \"metadata\": {\n"    "      \"foo\": \"bar\"\n"    "    },\n"    "    \"locality\": {\n"    "      \"region\": \"corp\",\n"    "      \"zone\": \"svl\",\n"    "      \"subzone\": \"mp3\"\n"    "    }\n"    "  }\n"    "}\n";char* g_bootstrap_file_v3;char* g_bootstrap_file_v2;void WriteBootstrapFiles() {  char* bootstrap_file;  FILE* out = gpr_tmpfile("xds_bootstrap_v3", &bootstrap_file);  fputs(kBootstrapFileV3, out);  fclose(out);  g_bootstrap_file_v3 = bootstrap_file;  out = gpr_tmpfile("xds_bootstrap_v2", &bootstrap_file);  fputs(kBootstrapFileV2, out);  fclose(out);  g_bootstrap_file_v2 = bootstrap_file;}// Helper class to minimize the number of unique ports we use for this test.class PortSaver { public:  int GetPort() {    if (idx_ >= ports_.size()) {      ports_.push_back(grpc_pick_unused_port_or_die());    }    return ports_[idx_++];  }  void Reset() { idx_ = 0; } private:  std::vector<int> ports_;  size_t idx_ = 0;};PortSaver* g_port_saver = nullptr;template <typename ServiceType>class CountedService : public ServiceType { public:  size_t request_count() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&mu_);    return request_count_;  }  size_t response_count() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&mu_);    return response_count_;  }  void IncreaseResponseCount() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&mu_);    ++response_count_;  }  void IncreaseRequestCount() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&mu_);    ++request_count_;  }  void ResetCounters() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&mu_);    request_count_ = 0;    response_count_ = 0;  } private:  grpc_core::Mutex mu_;  size_t request_count_ = 0;  size_t response_count_ = 0;};const char g_kCallCredsMdKey[] = "Balancer should not ...";const char g_kCallCredsMdValue[] = "... receive me";template <typename RpcService>class BackendServiceImpl    : public CountedService<TestMultipleServiceImpl<RpcService>> { public:  BackendServiceImpl() {}  Status Echo(ServerContext* context, const EchoRequest* request,              EchoResponse* response) override {    // Backend should receive the call credentials metadata.    auto call_credentials_entry =        context->client_metadata().find(g_kCallCredsMdKey);    EXPECT_NE(call_credentials_entry, context->client_metadata().end());    if (call_credentials_entry != context->client_metadata().end()) {      EXPECT_EQ(call_credentials_entry->second, g_kCallCredsMdValue);    }    CountedService<TestMultipleServiceImpl<RpcService>>::IncreaseRequestCount();    const auto status =        TestMultipleServiceImpl<RpcService>::Echo(context, request, response);    CountedService<        TestMultipleServiceImpl<RpcService>>::IncreaseResponseCount();    AddClient(context->peer());    return status;  }  Status Echo1(ServerContext* context, const EchoRequest* request,               EchoResponse* response) override {    return Echo(context, request, response);  }  Status Echo2(ServerContext* context, const EchoRequest* request,               EchoResponse* response) override {    return Echo(context, request, response);  }  void Start() {}  void Shutdown() {}  std::set<std::string> clients() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&clients_mu_);    return clients_;  } private:  void AddClient(const std::string& client) {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&clients_mu_);    clients_.insert(client);  }  grpc_core::Mutex clients_mu_;  std::set<std::string> clients_;};class ClientStats { public:  struct LocalityStats {    LocalityStats() {}    // Converts from proto message class.    template <class UpstreamLocalityStats>    LocalityStats(const UpstreamLocalityStats& upstream_locality_stats)        : total_successful_requests(              upstream_locality_stats.total_successful_requests()),          total_requests_in_progress(              upstream_locality_stats.total_requests_in_progress()),          total_error_requests(upstream_locality_stats.total_error_requests()),          total_issued_requests(              upstream_locality_stats.total_issued_requests()) {}    LocalityStats& operator+=(const LocalityStats& other) {      total_successful_requests += other.total_successful_requests;      total_requests_in_progress += other.total_requests_in_progress;      total_error_requests += other.total_error_requests;      total_issued_requests += other.total_issued_requests;      return *this;    }    uint64_t total_successful_requests = 0;    uint64_t total_requests_in_progress = 0;    uint64_t total_error_requests = 0;    uint64_t total_issued_requests = 0;  };  ClientStats() {}  // Converts from proto message class.  template <class ClusterStats>  explicit ClientStats(const ClusterStats& cluster_stats)      : cluster_name_(cluster_stats.cluster_name()),        total_dropped_requests_(cluster_stats.total_dropped_requests()) {    for (const auto& input_locality_stats :         cluster_stats.upstream_locality_stats()) {      locality_stats_.emplace(input_locality_stats.locality().sub_zone(),                              LocalityStats(input_locality_stats));    }    for (const auto& input_dropped_requests :         cluster_stats.dropped_requests()) {      dropped_requests_.emplace(input_dropped_requests.category(),                                input_dropped_requests.dropped_count());    }  }  const std::string& cluster_name() const { return cluster_name_; }  const std::map<std::string, LocalityStats>& locality_stats() const {    return locality_stats_;  }  uint64_t total_successful_requests() const {    uint64_t sum = 0;    for (auto& p : locality_stats_) {      sum += p.second.total_successful_requests;    }    return sum;  }  uint64_t total_requests_in_progress() const {    uint64_t sum = 0;    for (auto& p : locality_stats_) {      sum += p.second.total_requests_in_progress;    }    return sum;  }  uint64_t total_error_requests() const {    uint64_t sum = 0;    for (auto& p : locality_stats_) {      sum += p.second.total_error_requests;    }    return sum;  }  uint64_t total_issued_requests() const {    uint64_t sum = 0;    for (auto& p : locality_stats_) {      sum += p.second.total_issued_requests;    }    return sum;  }  uint64_t total_dropped_requests() const { return total_dropped_requests_; }  uint64_t dropped_requests(const std::string& category) const {    auto iter = dropped_requests_.find(category);    GPR_ASSERT(iter != dropped_requests_.end());    return iter->second;  }  ClientStats& operator+=(const ClientStats& other) {    for (const auto& p : other.locality_stats_) {      locality_stats_[p.first] += p.second;    }    total_dropped_requests_ += other.total_dropped_requests_;    for (const auto& p : other.dropped_requests_) {      dropped_requests_[p.first] += p.second;    }    return *this;  } private:  std::string cluster_name_;  std::map<std::string, LocalityStats> locality_stats_;  uint64_t total_dropped_requests_ = 0;  std::map<std::string, uint64_t> dropped_requests_;};class AdsServiceImpl : public std::enable_shared_from_this<AdsServiceImpl> { public:  struct ResponseState {    enum State { NOT_SENT, SENT, ACKED, NACKED };    State state = NOT_SENT;    std::string error_message;  };  struct EdsResourceArgs {    struct Locality {      Locality(std::string sub_zone, std::vector<int> ports,               int lb_weight = kDefaultLocalityWeight,               int priority = kDefaultLocalityPriority,               std::vector<HealthStatus> health_statuses = {})          : sub_zone(std::move(sub_zone)),            ports(std::move(ports)),            lb_weight(lb_weight),            priority(priority),            health_statuses(std::move(health_statuses)) {}      const std::string sub_zone;      std::vector<int> ports;      int lb_weight;      int priority;      std::vector<HealthStatus> health_statuses;    };    EdsResourceArgs() = default;    explicit EdsResourceArgs(std::vector<Locality> locality_list)        : locality_list(std::move(locality_list)) {}    std::vector<Locality> locality_list;    std::map<std::string, uint32_t> drop_categories;    FractionalPercent::DenominatorType drop_denominator =        FractionalPercent::MILLION;  };  explicit AdsServiceImpl(bool enable_load_reporting)      : v2_rpc_service_(this, /*is_v2=*/true),        v3_rpc_service_(this, /*is_v2=*/false) {    // Construct RDS response data.    default_route_config_.set_name(kDefaultRouteConfigurationName);    auto* virtual_host = default_route_config_.add_virtual_hosts();    virtual_host->add_domains("*");    auto* route = virtual_host->add_routes();    route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");    route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);    SetRdsResource(default_route_config_);    // Construct LDS response data (with inlined RDS result).    default_listener_ = BuildListener(default_route_config_);    SetLdsResource(default_listener_);    // Construct CDS response data.    default_cluster_.set_name(kDefaultClusterName);    default_cluster_.set_type(Cluster::EDS);    auto* eds_config = default_cluster_.mutable_eds_cluster_config();    eds_config->mutable_eds_config()->mutable_ads();    eds_config->set_service_name(kDefaultEdsServiceName);    default_cluster_.set_lb_policy(Cluster::ROUND_ROBIN);    if (enable_load_reporting) {      default_cluster_.mutable_lrs_server()->mutable_self();    }    SetCdsResource(default_cluster_);  }  bool seen_v2_client() const { return seen_v2_client_; }  bool seen_v3_client() const { return seen_v3_client_; }  ::envoy::service::discovery::v2::AggregatedDiscoveryService::Service*  v2_rpc_service() {    return &v2_rpc_service_;  }  ::envoy::service::discovery::v3::AggregatedDiscoveryService::Service*  v3_rpc_service() {    return &v3_rpc_service_;  }  Listener default_listener() const { return default_listener_; }  RouteConfiguration default_route_config() const {    return default_route_config_;  }  Cluster default_cluster() const { return default_cluster_; }  ResponseState lds_response_state() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    return resource_type_response_state_[kLdsTypeUrl];  }  ResponseState rds_response_state() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    return resource_type_response_state_[kRdsTypeUrl];  }  ResponseState cds_response_state() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    return resource_type_response_state_[kCdsTypeUrl];  }  ResponseState eds_response_state() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    return resource_type_response_state_[kEdsTypeUrl];  }  void SetResourceIgnore(const std::string& type_url) {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    resource_types_to_ignore_.emplace(type_url);  }  void SetResourceMinVersion(const std::string& type_url, int version) {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    resource_type_min_versions_[type_url] = version;  }  void UnsetResource(const std::string& type_url, const std::string& name) {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    ResourceTypeState& resource_type_state = resource_map_[type_url];    ++resource_type_state.resource_type_version;    ResourceState& resource_state = resource_type_state.resource_name_map[name];    resource_state.resource_type_version =        resource_type_state.resource_type_version;    resource_state.resource.reset();    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,            "ADS[%p]: Unsetting %s resource %s; resource_type_version now %u",            this, type_url.c_str(), name.c_str(),            resource_type_state.resource_type_version);    for (SubscriptionState* subscription : resource_state.subscriptions) {      subscription->update_queue->emplace_back(type_url, name);    }  }  void SetResource(google::protobuf::Any resource, const std::string& type_url,                   const std::string& name) {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    ResourceTypeState& resource_type_state = resource_map_[type_url];    ++resource_type_state.resource_type_version;    ResourceState& resource_state = resource_type_state.resource_name_map[name];    resource_state.resource_type_version =        resource_type_state.resource_type_version;    resource_state.resource = std::move(resource);    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,            "ADS[%p]: Updating %s resource %s; resource_type_version now %u",            this, type_url.c_str(), name.c_str(),            resource_type_state.resource_type_version);    for (SubscriptionState* subscription : resource_state.subscriptions) {      subscription->update_queue->emplace_back(type_url, name);    }  }  void SetLdsResource(const Listener& listener) {    google::protobuf::Any resource;    resource.PackFrom(listener);    SetResource(std::move(resource), kLdsTypeUrl, listener.name());  }  void SetRdsResource(const RouteConfiguration& route) {    google::protobuf::Any resource;    resource.PackFrom(route);    SetResource(std::move(resource), kRdsTypeUrl, route.name());  }  void SetCdsResource(const Cluster& cluster) {    google::protobuf::Any resource;    resource.PackFrom(cluster);    SetResource(std::move(resource), kCdsTypeUrl, cluster.name());  }  void SetEdsResource(const ClusterLoadAssignment& assignment) {    google::protobuf::Any resource;    resource.PackFrom(assignment);    SetResource(std::move(resource), kEdsTypeUrl, assignment.cluster_name());  }  void SetLdsToUseDynamicRds() {    auto listener = default_listener_;    HttpConnectionManager http_connection_manager;    auto* rds = http_connection_manager.mutable_rds();    rds->set_route_config_name(kDefaultRouteConfigurationName);    rds->mutable_config_source()->mutable_ads();    listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(        http_connection_manager);    SetLdsResource(listener);  }  static Listener BuildListener(const RouteConfiguration& route_config) {    HttpConnectionManager http_connection_manager;    *(http_connection_manager.mutable_route_config()) = route_config;    Listener listener;    listener.set_name(kServerName);    listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(        http_connection_manager);    return listener;  }  static ClusterLoadAssignment BuildEdsResource(      const EdsResourceArgs& args,      const char* eds_service_name = kDefaultEdsServiceName) {    ClusterLoadAssignment assignment;    assignment.set_cluster_name(eds_service_name);    for (const auto& locality : args.locality_list) {      auto* endpoints = assignment.add_endpoints();      endpoints->mutable_load_balancing_weight()->set_value(locality.lb_weight);      endpoints->set_priority(locality.priority);      endpoints->mutable_locality()->set_region(kDefaultLocalityRegion);      endpoints->mutable_locality()->set_zone(kDefaultLocalityZone);      endpoints->mutable_locality()->set_sub_zone(locality.sub_zone);      for (size_t i = 0; i < locality.ports.size(); ++i) {        const int& port = locality.ports[i];        auto* lb_endpoints = endpoints->add_lb_endpoints();        if (locality.health_statuses.size() > i &&            locality.health_statuses[i] != HealthStatus::UNKNOWN) {          lb_endpoints->set_health_status(locality.health_statuses[i]);        }        auto* endpoint = lb_endpoints->mutable_endpoint();        auto* address = endpoint->mutable_address();        auto* socket_address = address->mutable_socket_address();        socket_address->set_address("127.0.0.1");        socket_address->set_port_value(port);      }    }    if (!args.drop_categories.empty()) {      auto* policy = assignment.mutable_policy();      for (const auto& p : args.drop_categories) {        const std::string& name = p.first;        const uint32_t parts_per_million = p.second;        auto* drop_overload = policy->add_drop_overloads();        drop_overload->set_category(name);        auto* drop_percentage = drop_overload->mutable_drop_percentage();        drop_percentage->set_numerator(parts_per_million);        drop_percentage->set_denominator(args.drop_denominator);      }    }    return assignment;  }  void Start() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    ads_done_ = false;  }  void Shutdown() {    {      grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);      NotifyDoneWithAdsCallLocked();      resource_type_response_state_.clear();    }    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: shut down", this);  }  void NotifyDoneWithAdsCall() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&ads_mu_);    NotifyDoneWithAdsCallLocked();  }  void NotifyDoneWithAdsCallLocked() {    if (!ads_done_) {      ads_done_ = true;      ads_cond_.Broadcast();    }  }  std::set<std::string> clients() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&clients_mu_);    return clients_;  } private:  // A queue of resource type/name pairs that have changed since the client  // subscribed to them.  using UpdateQueue = std::deque<      std::pair<std::string /* type url */, std::string /* resource name */>>;  // A struct representing a client's subscription to a particular resource.  struct SubscriptionState {    // The queue upon which to place updates when the resource is updated.    UpdateQueue* update_queue;  };  // A struct representing the a client's subscription to all the resources.  using SubscriptionNameMap =      std::map<std::string /* resource_name */, SubscriptionState>;  using SubscriptionMap =      std::map<std::string /* type_url */, SubscriptionNameMap>;  // Sent state for a given resource type.  struct SentState {    int nonce = 0;    int resource_type_version = 0;  };  // A struct representing the current state for an individual resource.  struct ResourceState {    // The resource itself, if present.    absl::optional<google::protobuf::Any> resource;    // The resource type version that this resource was last updated in.    int resource_type_version = 0;    // A list of subscriptions to this resource.    std::set<SubscriptionState*> subscriptions;  };  // The current state for all individual resources of a given type.  using ResourceNameMap =      std::map<std::string /* resource_name */, ResourceState>;  struct ResourceTypeState {    int resource_type_version = 0;    ResourceNameMap resource_name_map;  };  using ResourceMap = std::map<std::string /* type_url */, ResourceTypeState>;  template <class RpcApi, class DiscoveryRequest, class DiscoveryResponse>  class RpcService : public RpcApi::Service {   public:    using Stream = ServerReaderWriter<DiscoveryResponse, DiscoveryRequest>;    RpcService(AdsServiceImpl* parent, bool is_v2)        : parent_(parent), is_v2_(is_v2) {}    Status StreamAggregatedResources(ServerContext* context,                                     Stream* stream) override {      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: StreamAggregatedResources starts", this);      parent_->AddClient(context->peer());      if (is_v2_) {        parent_->seen_v2_client_ = true;      } else {        parent_->seen_v3_client_ = true;      }      // Balancer shouldn't receive the call credentials metadata.      EXPECT_EQ(context->client_metadata().find(g_kCallCredsMdKey),                context->client_metadata().end());      // Take a reference of the AdsServiceImpl object, which will go      // out of scope when this request handler returns.  This ensures      // that the parent won't be destroyed until this stream is complete.      std::shared_ptr<AdsServiceImpl> ads_service_impl =          parent_->shared_from_this();      // Resources (type/name pairs) that have changed since the client      // subscribed to them.      UpdateQueue update_queue;      // Resources that the client will be subscribed to keyed by resource type      // url.      SubscriptionMap subscription_map;      // Sent state for each resource type.      std::map<std::string /*type_url*/, SentState> sent_state_map;      // Spawn a thread to read requests from the stream.      // Requests will be delivered to this thread in a queue.      std::deque<DiscoveryRequest> requests;      bool stream_closed = false;      std::thread reader(std::bind(&RpcService::BlockingRead, this, stream,                                   &requests, &stream_closed));      // Main loop to process requests and updates.      while (true) {        // Boolean to keep track if the loop received any work to do: a        // request or an update; regardless whether a response was actually        // sent out.        bool did_work = false;        // Look for new requests and and decide what to handle.        absl::optional<DiscoveryResponse> response;        {          grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&parent_->ads_mu_);          // If the stream has been closed or our parent is being shut          // down, stop immediately.          if (stream_closed || parent_->ads_done_) break;          // Otherwise, see if there's a request to read from the queue.          if (!requests.empty()) {            DiscoveryRequest request = std::move(requests.front());            requests.pop_front();            did_work = true;            gpr_log(GPR_INFO,                    "ADS[%p]: Received request for type %s with content %s",                    this, request.type_url().c_str(),                    request.DebugString().c_str());            const std::string v3_resource_type =                TypeUrlToV3(request.type_url());            SentState& sent_state = sent_state_map[v3_resource_type];            // Process request.            ProcessRequest(request, v3_resource_type, &update_queue,                           &subscription_map, &sent_state, &response);          }        }        if (response.has_value()) {          gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: Sending response: %s", this,                  response->DebugString().c_str());          stream->Write(response.value());        }        response.reset();        // Look for updates and decide what to handle.        {          grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&parent_->ads_mu_);          if (!update_queue.empty()) {            const std::string resource_type =                std::move(update_queue.front().first);            const std::string resource_name =                std::move(update_queue.front().second);            update_queue.pop_front();            did_work = true;            SentState& sent_state = sent_state_map[resource_type];            ProcessUpdate(resource_type, resource_name, &subscription_map,                          &sent_state, &response);          }        }        if (response.has_value()) {          gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: Sending update response: %s", this,                  response->DebugString().c_str());          stream->Write(response.value());        }        // If we didn't find anything to do, delay before the next loop        // iteration; otherwise, check whether we should exit and then        // immediately continue.        gpr_timespec deadline =            grpc_timeout_milliseconds_to_deadline(did_work ? 0 : 10);        {          grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&parent_->ads_mu_);          if (!parent_->ads_cond_.WaitUntil(                  &parent_->ads_mu_, [this] { return parent_->ads_done_; },                  deadline)) {            break;          }        }      }      // Done with main loop.  Clean up before returning.      // Join reader thread.      reader.join();      // Clean up any subscriptions that were still active when the call      // finished.      {        grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&parent_->ads_mu_);        for (auto& p : subscription_map) {          const std::string& type_url = p.first;          SubscriptionNameMap& subscription_name_map = p.second;          for (auto& q : subscription_name_map) {            const std::string& resource_name = q.first;            SubscriptionState& subscription_state = q.second;            ResourceNameMap& resource_name_map =                parent_->resource_map_[type_url].resource_name_map;            ResourceState& resource_state = resource_name_map[resource_name];            resource_state.subscriptions.erase(&subscription_state);          }        }      }      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: StreamAggregatedResources done", this);      parent_->RemoveClient(context->peer());      return Status::OK;    }   private:    // Processes a response read from the client.    // Populates response if needed.    void ProcessRequest(const DiscoveryRequest& request,                        const std::string& v3_resource_type,                        UpdateQueue* update_queue,                        SubscriptionMap* subscription_map,                        SentState* sent_state,                        absl::optional<DiscoveryResponse>* response) {      // Determine client resource type version.      int client_resource_type_version = 0;      if (!request.version_info().empty()) {        GPR_ASSERT(absl::SimpleAtoi(request.version_info(),                                    &client_resource_type_version));      }      // Check the nonce sent by the client, if any.      // (This will be absent on the first request on a stream.)      if (request.response_nonce().empty()) {        EXPECT_GE(client_resource_type_version,                  parent_->resource_type_min_versions_[v3_resource_type])            << "resource_type: " << v3_resource_type;      } else {        int client_nonce;        GPR_ASSERT(absl::SimpleAtoi(request.response_nonce(), &client_nonce));        // Ignore requests with stale nonces.        if (client_nonce < sent_state->nonce) return;        // Check for ACK or NACK.        auto it = parent_->resource_type_response_state_.find(v3_resource_type);        if (it != parent_->resource_type_response_state_.end()) {          if (client_resource_type_version ==              sent_state->resource_type_version) {            it->second.state = ResponseState::ACKED;            it->second.error_message.clear();            gpr_log(GPR_INFO,                    "ADS[%p]: client ACKed resource_type=%s version=%s", this,                    request.type_url().c_str(), request.version_info().c_str());          } else {            it->second.state = ResponseState::NACKED;            it->second.error_message = request.error_detail().message();            gpr_log(GPR_INFO,                    "ADS[%p]: client NACKed resource_type=%s version=%s: %s",                    this, request.type_url().c_str(),                    request.version_info().c_str(),                    it->second.error_message.c_str());          }        }      }      // Ignore resource types as requested by tests.      if (parent_->resource_types_to_ignore_.find(v3_resource_type) !=          parent_->resource_types_to_ignore_.end()) {        return;      }      // Look at all the resource names in the request.      auto& subscription_name_map = (*subscription_map)[v3_resource_type];      auto& resource_type_state = parent_->resource_map_[v3_resource_type];      auto& resource_name_map = resource_type_state.resource_name_map;      std::set<std::string> resources_in_current_request;      std::set<std::string> resources_added_to_response;      for (const std::string& resource_name : request.resource_names()) {        resources_in_current_request.emplace(resource_name);        auto& subscription_state = subscription_name_map[resource_name];        auto& resource_state = resource_name_map[resource_name];        // Subscribe if needed.        // Send the resource in the response if either (a) this is        // a new subscription or (b) there is an updated version of        // this resource to send.        if (parent_->MaybeSubscribe(v3_resource_type, resource_name,                                    &subscription_state, &resource_state,                                    update_queue) ||            ClientNeedsResourceUpdate(resource_type_state, resource_state,                                      client_resource_type_version,                                      &subscription_state)) {          gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: Sending update for type=%s name=%s", this,                  request.type_url().c_str(), resource_name.c_str());          resources_added_to_response.emplace(resource_name);          if (!response->has_value()) response->emplace();          if (resource_state.resource.has_value()) {            auto* resource = (*response)->add_resources();            resource->CopyFrom(resource_state.resource.value());            if (is_v2_) {              resource->set_type_url(request.type_url());            }          }        } else {          gpr_log(GPR_INFO,                  "ADS[%p]: client does not need update for type=%s name=%s",                  this, request.type_url().c_str(), resource_name.c_str());        }      }      // Process unsubscriptions for any resource no longer      // present in the request's resource list.      parent_->ProcessUnsubscriptions(          v3_resource_type, resources_in_current_request,          &subscription_name_map, &resource_name_map);      // Construct response if needed.      if (!resources_added_to_response.empty()) {        CompleteBuildingDiscoveryResponse(            v3_resource_type, request.type_url(),            resource_type_state.resource_type_version, subscription_name_map,            resources_added_to_response, sent_state, &response->value());      }    }    // Processes a resource update from the test.    // Populates response if needed.    void ProcessUpdate(const std::string& resource_type,                       const std::string& resource_name,                       SubscriptionMap* subscription_map, SentState* sent_state,                       absl::optional<DiscoveryResponse>* response) {      const std::string v2_resource_type = TypeUrlToV2(resource_type);      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: Received update for type=%s name=%s", this,              resource_type.c_str(), resource_name.c_str());      auto& subscription_name_map = (*subscription_map)[resource_type];      auto& resource_type_state = parent_->resource_map_[resource_type];      auto& resource_name_map = resource_type_state.resource_name_map;      auto it = subscription_name_map.find(resource_name);      if (it != subscription_name_map.end()) {        SubscriptionState& subscription_state = it->second;        ResourceState& resource_state = resource_name_map[resource_name];        if (ClientNeedsResourceUpdate(resource_type_state, resource_state,                                      sent_state->resource_type_version,                                      &subscription_state)) {          gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: Sending update for type=%s name=%s", this,                  resource_type.c_str(), resource_name.c_str());          response->emplace();          if (resource_state.resource.has_value()) {            auto* resource = (*response)->add_resources();            resource->CopyFrom(resource_state.resource.value());            if (is_v2_) {              resource->set_type_url(v2_resource_type);            }          }          CompleteBuildingDiscoveryResponse(              resource_type, v2_resource_type,              resource_type_state.resource_type_version, subscription_name_map,              {resource_name}, sent_state, &response->value());        }      }    }    // Starting a thread to do blocking read on the stream until cancel.    void BlockingRead(Stream* stream, std::deque<DiscoveryRequest>* requests,                      bool* stream_closed) {      DiscoveryRequest request;      bool seen_first_request = false;      while (stream->Read(&request)) {        if (!seen_first_request) {          EXPECT_TRUE(request.has_node());          ASSERT_FALSE(request.node().client_features().empty());          EXPECT_EQ(request.node().client_features(0),                    "envoy.lb.does_not_support_overprovisioning");          CheckBuildVersion(request);          seen_first_request = true;        }        {          grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&parent_->ads_mu_);          requests->emplace_back(std::move(request));        }      }      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: Null read, stream closed", this);      grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&parent_->ads_mu_);      *stream_closed = true;    }    // Completing the building a DiscoveryResponse by adding common information    // for all resources and by adding all subscribed resources for LDS and CDS.    void CompleteBuildingDiscoveryResponse(        const std::string& resource_type, const std::string& v2_resource_type,        const int version, const SubscriptionNameMap& subscription_name_map,        const std::set<std::string>& resources_added_to_response,        SentState* sent_state, DiscoveryResponse* response) {      auto& response_state =          parent_->resource_type_response_state_[resource_type];      if (response_state.state == ResponseState::NOT_SENT) {        response_state.state = ResponseState::SENT;      }      response->set_type_url(is_v2_ ? v2_resource_type : resource_type);      response->set_version_info(std::to_string(version));      response->set_nonce(std::to_string(++sent_state->nonce));      if (resource_type == kLdsTypeUrl || resource_type == kCdsTypeUrl) {        // For LDS and CDS we must send back all subscribed resources        // (even the unchanged ones)        for (const auto& p : subscription_name_map) {          const std::string& resource_name = p.first;          if (resources_added_to_response.find(resource_name) ==              resources_added_to_response.end()) {            ResourceNameMap& resource_name_map =                parent_->resource_map_[resource_type].resource_name_map;            const ResourceState& resource_state =                resource_name_map[resource_name];            if (resource_state.resource.has_value()) {              auto* resource = response->add_resources();              resource->CopyFrom(resource_state.resource.value());              if (is_v2_) {                resource->set_type_url(v2_resource_type);              }            }          }        }      }      sent_state->resource_type_version = version;    }    static std::string TypeUrlToV2(const std::string& resource_type) {      if (resource_type == kLdsTypeUrl) return kLdsV2TypeUrl;      if (resource_type == kRdsTypeUrl) return kRdsV2TypeUrl;      if (resource_type == kCdsTypeUrl) return kCdsV2TypeUrl;      if (resource_type == kEdsTypeUrl) return kEdsV2TypeUrl;      return resource_type;    }    static std::string TypeUrlToV3(const std::string& resource_type) {      if (resource_type == kLdsV2TypeUrl) return kLdsTypeUrl;      if (resource_type == kRdsV2TypeUrl) return kRdsTypeUrl;      if (resource_type == kCdsV2TypeUrl) return kCdsTypeUrl;      if (resource_type == kEdsV2TypeUrl) return kEdsTypeUrl;      return resource_type;    }    static void CheckBuildVersion(        const ::envoy::api::v2::DiscoveryRequest& request) {      EXPECT_FALSE(request.node().build_version().empty());    }    static void CheckBuildVersion(        const ::envoy::service::discovery::v3::DiscoveryRequest& request) {}    AdsServiceImpl* parent_;    const bool is_v2_;  };  // Checks whether the client needs to receive a newer version of  // the resource.  static bool ClientNeedsResourceUpdate(      const ResourceTypeState& resource_type_state,      const ResourceState& resource_state, int client_resource_type_version,      SubscriptionState* subscription_state) {    return client_resource_type_version <               resource_type_state.resource_type_version &&           resource_state.resource_type_version <=               resource_type_state.resource_type_version;  }  // Subscribes to a resource if not already subscribed:  // 1. Sets the update_queue field in subscription_state.  // 2. Adds subscription_state to resource_state->subscriptions.  bool MaybeSubscribe(const std::string& resource_type,                      const std::string& resource_name,                      SubscriptionState* subscription_state,                      ResourceState* resource_state,                      UpdateQueue* update_queue) {    // The update_queue will be null if we were not previously subscribed.    if (subscription_state->update_queue != nullptr) return false;    subscription_state->update_queue = update_queue;    resource_state->subscriptions.emplace(subscription_state);    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: subscribe to resource type %s name %s state %p",            this, resource_type.c_str(), resource_name.c_str(),            &subscription_state);    return true;  }  // Removes subscriptions for resources no longer present in the  // current request.  void ProcessUnsubscriptions(      const std::string& resource_type,      const std::set<std::string>& resources_in_current_request,      SubscriptionNameMap* subscription_name_map,      ResourceNameMap* resource_name_map) {    for (auto it = subscription_name_map->begin();         it != subscription_name_map->end();) {      const std::string& resource_name = it->first;      SubscriptionState& subscription_state = it->second;      if (resources_in_current_request.find(resource_name) !=          resources_in_current_request.end()) {        ++it;        continue;      }      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "ADS[%p]: Unsubscribe to type=%s name=%s state=%p",              this, resource_type.c_str(), resource_name.c_str(),              &subscription_state);      auto resource_it = resource_name_map->find(resource_name);      GPR_ASSERT(resource_it != resource_name_map->end());      auto& resource_state = resource_it->second;      resource_state.subscriptions.erase(&subscription_state);      if (resource_state.subscriptions.empty() &&          !resource_state.resource.has_value()) {        resource_name_map->erase(resource_it);      }      it = subscription_name_map->erase(it);    }  }  void AddClient(const std::string& client) {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&clients_mu_);    clients_.insert(client);  }  void RemoveClient(const std::string& client) {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&clients_mu_);    clients_.erase(client);  }  RpcService<::envoy::service::discovery::v2::AggregatedDiscoveryService,             ::envoy::api::v2::DiscoveryRequest,             ::envoy::api::v2::DiscoveryResponse>      v2_rpc_service_;  RpcService<::envoy::service::discovery::v3::AggregatedDiscoveryService,             ::envoy::service::discovery::v3::DiscoveryRequest,             ::envoy::service::discovery::v3::DiscoveryResponse>      v3_rpc_service_;  std::atomic_bool seen_v2_client_{false};  std::atomic_bool seen_v3_client_{false};  grpc_core::CondVar ads_cond_;  // Protect the members below.  grpc_core::Mutex ads_mu_;  bool ads_done_ = false;  Listener default_listener_;  RouteConfiguration default_route_config_;  Cluster default_cluster_;  std::map<std::string /* type_url */, ResponseState>      resource_type_response_state_;  std::set<std::string /*resource_type*/> resource_types_to_ignore_;  std::map<std::string /*resource_type*/, int> resource_type_min_versions_;  // An instance data member containing the current state of all resources.  // Note that an entry will exist whenever either of the following is true:  // - The resource exists (i.e., has been created by SetResource() and has not  //   yet been destroyed by UnsetResource()).  // - There is at least one subscription for the resource.  ResourceMap resource_map_;  grpc_core::Mutex clients_mu_;  std::set<std::string> clients_;};class LrsServiceImpl : public std::enable_shared_from_this<LrsServiceImpl> { public:  explicit LrsServiceImpl(int client_load_reporting_interval_seconds)      : v2_rpc_service_(this),        v3_rpc_service_(this),        client_load_reporting_interval_seconds_(            client_load_reporting_interval_seconds),        cluster_names_({kDefaultClusterName}) {}  ::envoy::service::load_stats::v2::LoadReportingService::Service*  v2_rpc_service() {    return &v2_rpc_service_;  }  ::envoy::service::load_stats::v3::LoadReportingService::Service*  v3_rpc_service() {    return &v3_rpc_service_;  }  size_t request_count() {    return v2_rpc_service_.request_count() + v3_rpc_service_.request_count();  }  size_t response_count() {    return v2_rpc_service_.response_count() + v3_rpc_service_.response_count();  }  // Must be called before the LRS call is started.  void set_send_all_clusters(bool send_all_clusters) {    send_all_clusters_ = send_all_clusters;  }  void set_cluster_names(const std::set<std::string>& cluster_names) {    cluster_names_ = cluster_names;  }  void Start() {    lrs_done_ = false;    result_queue_.clear();  }  void Shutdown() {    {      grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&lrs_mu_);      NotifyDoneWithLrsCallLocked();    }    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "LRS[%p]: shut down", this);  }  std::vector<ClientStats> WaitForLoadReport() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&load_report_mu_);    grpc_core::CondVar cv;    if (result_queue_.empty()) {      load_report_cond_ = &cv;      load_report_cond_->WaitUntil(&load_report_mu_,                                   [this] { return !result_queue_.empty(); });      load_report_cond_ = nullptr;    }    std::vector<ClientStats> result = std::move(result_queue_.front());    result_queue_.pop_front();    return result;  }  void NotifyDoneWithLrsCall() {    grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&lrs_mu_);    NotifyDoneWithLrsCallLocked();  } private:  template <class RpcApi, class LoadStatsRequest, class LoadStatsResponse>  class RpcService : public CountedService<typename RpcApi::Service> {   public:    using Stream = ServerReaderWriter<LoadStatsResponse, LoadStatsRequest>;    explicit RpcService(LrsServiceImpl* parent) : parent_(parent) {}    Status StreamLoadStats(ServerContext* /*context*/,                           Stream* stream) override {      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "LRS[%p]: StreamLoadStats starts", this);      EXPECT_GT(parent_->client_load_reporting_interval_seconds_, 0);      // Take a reference of the LrsServiceImpl object, reference will go      // out of scope after this method exits.      std::shared_ptr<LrsServiceImpl> lrs_service_impl =          parent_->shared_from_this();      // Read initial request.      LoadStatsRequest request;      if (stream->Read(&request)) {        CountedService<typename RpcApi::Service>::IncreaseRequestCount();        // Verify client features.        EXPECT_THAT(            request.node().client_features(),            ::testing::Contains("envoy.lrs.supports_send_all_clusters"));        // Send initial response.        LoadStatsResponse response;        if (parent_->send_all_clusters_) {          response.set_send_all_clusters(true);        } else {          for (const std::string& cluster_name : parent_->cluster_names_) {            response.add_clusters(cluster_name);          }        }        response.mutable_load_reporting_interval()->set_seconds(            parent_->client_load_reporting_interval_seconds_);        stream->Write(response);        CountedService<typename RpcApi::Service>::IncreaseResponseCount();        // Wait for report.        request.Clear();        while (stream->Read(&request)) {          gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "LRS[%p]: received client load report message: %s",                  this, request.DebugString().c_str());          std::vector<ClientStats> stats;          for (const auto& cluster_stats : request.cluster_stats()) {            stats.emplace_back(cluster_stats);          }          grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&parent_->load_report_mu_);          parent_->result_queue_.emplace_back(std::move(stats));          if (parent_->load_report_cond_ != nullptr) {            parent_->load_report_cond_->Signal();          }        }        // Wait until notified done.        grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&parent_->lrs_mu_);        parent_->lrs_cv_.WaitUntil(&parent_->lrs_mu_,                                   [this] { return parent_->lrs_done_; });      }      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "LRS[%p]: StreamLoadStats done", this);      return Status::OK;    }   private:    LrsServiceImpl* parent_;  };  void NotifyDoneWithLrsCallLocked() {    if (!lrs_done_) {      lrs_done_ = true;      lrs_cv_.Broadcast();    }  }  RpcService<::envoy::service::load_stats::v2::LoadReportingService,             ::envoy::service::load_stats::v2::LoadStatsRequest,             ::envoy::service::load_stats::v2::LoadStatsResponse>      v2_rpc_service_;  RpcService<::envoy::service::load_stats::v3::LoadReportingService,             ::envoy::service::load_stats::v3::LoadStatsRequest,             ::envoy::service::load_stats::v3::LoadStatsResponse>      v3_rpc_service_;  const int client_load_reporting_interval_seconds_;  bool send_all_clusters_ = false;  std::set<std::string> cluster_names_;  grpc_core::CondVar lrs_cv_;  grpc_core::Mutex lrs_mu_;  // Protects lrs_done_.  bool lrs_done_ = false;  grpc_core::Mutex load_report_mu_;  // Protects the members below.  grpc_core::CondVar* load_report_cond_ = nullptr;  std::deque<std::vector<ClientStats>> result_queue_;};class TestType { public:  TestType(bool use_xds_resolver, bool enable_load_reporting,           bool enable_rds_testing = false, bool use_v2 = false)      : use_xds_resolver_(use_xds_resolver),        enable_load_reporting_(enable_load_reporting),        enable_rds_testing_(enable_rds_testing),        use_v2_(use_v2) {}  bool use_xds_resolver() const { return use_xds_resolver_; }  bool enable_load_reporting() const { return enable_load_reporting_; }  bool enable_rds_testing() const { return enable_rds_testing_; }  bool use_v2() const { return use_v2_; }  std::string AsString() const {    std::string retval = (use_xds_resolver_ ? "XdsResolver" : "FakeResolver");    retval += (use_v2_ ? "V2" : "V3");    if (enable_load_reporting_) retval += "WithLoadReporting";    if (enable_rds_testing_) retval += "Rds";    return retval;  } private:  const bool use_xds_resolver_;  const bool enable_load_reporting_;  const bool enable_rds_testing_;  const bool use_v2_;};class XdsEnd2endTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<TestType> { protected:  XdsEnd2endTest(size_t num_backends, size_t num_balancers,                 int client_load_reporting_interval_seconds = 100)      : num_backends_(num_backends),        num_balancers_(num_balancers),        client_load_reporting_interval_seconds_(            client_load_reporting_interval_seconds) {}  static void SetUpTestCase() {    // Make the backup poller poll very frequently in order to pick up    // updates from all the subchannels's FDs.    GPR_GLOBAL_CONFIG_SET(grpc_client_channel_backup_poll_interval_ms, 1);#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE    // Workaround Apple CFStream bug    gpr_setenv("grpc_cfstream", "0");#endif    grpc_init();  }  static void TearDownTestCase() { grpc_shutdown(); }  void SetUp() override {    gpr_setenv("GRPC_XDS_EXPERIMENTAL_V3_SUPPORT", "true");    gpr_setenv("GRPC_XDS_BOOTSTRAP",               GetParam().use_v2() ? g_bootstrap_file_v2 : g_bootstrap_file_v3);    g_port_saver->Reset();    response_generator_ =        grpc_core::MakeRefCounted<grpc_core::FakeResolverResponseGenerator>();    // Inject xDS channel response generator.    lb_channel_response_generator_ =        grpc_core::MakeRefCounted<grpc_core::FakeResolverResponseGenerator>();    xds_channel_args_to_add_.emplace_back(        grpc_core::FakeResolverResponseGenerator::MakeChannelArg(            lb_channel_response_generator_.get()));    if (xds_resource_does_not_exist_timeout_ms_ > 0) {      xds_channel_args_to_add_.emplace_back(grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(          const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_XDS_RESOURCE_DOES_NOT_EXIST_TIMEOUT_MS),          xds_resource_does_not_exist_timeout_ms_));    }    xds_channel_args_.num_args = xds_channel_args_to_add_.size();    xds_channel_args_.args = xds_channel_args_to_add_.data();    grpc_core::internal::SetXdsChannelArgsForTest(&xds_channel_args_);    // Make sure each test creates a new XdsClient instance rather than    // reusing the one from the previous test.  This avoids spurious failures    // caused when a load reporting test runs after a non-load reporting test    // and the XdsClient is still talking to the old LRS server, which fails    // because it's not expecting the client to connect.  It also    // ensures that each test can independently set the global channel    // args for the xDS channel.    grpc_core::internal::UnsetGlobalXdsClientForTest();    // Start the backends.    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_backends_; ++i) {      backends_.emplace_back(new BackendServerThread);      backends_.back()->Start();    }    // Start the load balancers.    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_balancers_; ++i) {      balancers_.emplace_back(          new BalancerServerThread(GetParam().enable_load_reporting()                                       ? client_load_reporting_interval_seconds_                                       : 0));      balancers_.back()->Start();      if (GetParam().enable_rds_testing()) {        balancers_[i]->ads_service()->SetLdsToUseDynamicRds();      }    }    ResetStub();  }  const char* DefaultEdsServiceName() const {    return GetParam().use_xds_resolver() ? kDefaultEdsServiceName : kServerName;  }  void TearDown() override {    ShutdownAllBackends();    for (auto& balancer : balancers_) balancer->Shutdown();    // Clear global xDS channel args, since they will go out of scope    // when this test object is destroyed.    grpc_core::internal::SetXdsChannelArgsForTest(nullptr);  }  void StartAllBackends() {    for (auto& backend : backends_) backend->Start();  }  void StartBackend(size_t index) { backends_[index]->Start(); }  void ShutdownAllBackends() {    for (auto& backend : backends_) backend->Shutdown();  }  void ShutdownBackend(size_t index) { backends_[index]->Shutdown(); }  void ResetStub(int failover_timeout = 0) {    channel_ = CreateChannel(failover_timeout);    stub_ = grpc::testing::EchoTestService::NewStub(channel_);    stub1_ = grpc::testing::EchoTest1Service::NewStub(channel_);    stub2_ = grpc::testing::EchoTest2Service::NewStub(channel_);  }  std::shared_ptr<Channel> CreateChannel(      int failover_timeout = 0, const char* server_name = kServerName,      grpc_core::FakeResolverResponseGenerator* response_generator = nullptr) {    ChannelArguments args;    if (failover_timeout > 0) {      args.SetInt(GRPC_ARG_PRIORITY_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT_MS, failover_timeout);    }    // If the parent channel is using the fake resolver, we inject the    // response generator here.    if (!GetParam().use_xds_resolver()) {      if (response_generator == nullptr) {        response_generator = response_generator_.get();      }      args.SetPointer(GRPC_ARG_FAKE_RESOLVER_RESPONSE_GENERATOR,                      response_generator);    }    std::string uri = absl::StrCat(        GetParam().use_xds_resolver() ? "xds" : "fake", ":///", server_name);    // TODO(dgq): templatize tests to run everything using both secure and    // insecure channel credentials.    grpc_channel_credentials* channel_creds =        grpc_fake_transport_security_credentials_create();    grpc_call_credentials* call_creds = grpc_md_only_test_credentials_create(        g_kCallCredsMdKey, g_kCallCredsMdValue, false);    std::shared_ptr<ChannelCredentials> creds(        new SecureChannelCredentials(grpc_composite_channel_credentials_create(            channel_creds, call_creds, nullptr)));    call_creds->Unref();    channel_creds->Unref();    return ::grpc::CreateCustomChannel(uri, creds, args);  }  enum RpcService {    SERVICE_ECHO,    SERVICE_ECHO1,    SERVICE_ECHO2,  };  enum RpcMethod {    METHOD_ECHO,    METHOD_ECHO1,    METHOD_ECHO2,  };  struct RpcOptions {    RpcService service = SERVICE_ECHO;    RpcMethod method = METHOD_ECHO;    int timeout_ms = 1000;    bool wait_for_ready = false;    bool server_fail = false;    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> metadata;    RpcOptions() {}    RpcOptions& set_rpc_service(RpcService rpc_service) {      service = rpc_service;      return *this;    }    RpcOptions& set_rpc_method(RpcMethod rpc_method) {      method = rpc_method;      return *this;    }    RpcOptions& set_timeout_ms(int rpc_timeout_ms) {      timeout_ms = rpc_timeout_ms;      return *this;    }    RpcOptions& set_wait_for_ready(bool rpc_wait_for_ready) {      wait_for_ready = rpc_wait_for_ready;      return *this;    }    RpcOptions& set_server_fail(bool rpc_server_fail) {      server_fail = rpc_server_fail;      return *this;    }    RpcOptions& set_metadata(        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> rpc_metadata) {      metadata = std::move(rpc_metadata);      return *this;    }  };  template <typename Stub>  Status SendRpcMethod(Stub* stub, const RpcOptions& rpc_options,                       ClientContext* context, EchoRequest& request,                       EchoResponse* response) {    switch (rpc_options.method) {      case METHOD_ECHO:        return (*stub)->Echo(context, request, response);      case METHOD_ECHO1:        return (*stub)->Echo1(context, request, response);      case METHOD_ECHO2:        return (*stub)->Echo2(context, request, response);    }  }  void ResetBackendCounters(size_t start_index = 0, size_t stop_index = 0) {    if (stop_index == 0) stop_index = backends_.size();    for (size_t i = start_index; i < stop_index; ++i) {      backends_[i]->backend_service()->ResetCounters();      backends_[i]->backend_service1()->ResetCounters();      backends_[i]->backend_service2()->ResetCounters();    }  }  bool SeenAllBackends(size_t start_index = 0, size_t stop_index = 0,                       const RpcOptions& rpc_options = RpcOptions()) {    if (stop_index == 0) stop_index = backends_.size();    for (size_t i = start_index; i < stop_index; ++i) {      switch (rpc_options.service) {        case SERVICE_ECHO:          if (backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count() == 0)            return false;          break;        case SERVICE_ECHO1:          if (backends_[i]->backend_service1()->request_count() == 0)            return false;          break;        case SERVICE_ECHO2:          if (backends_[i]->backend_service2()->request_count() == 0)            return false;          break;      }    }    return true;  }  void SendRpcAndCount(int* num_total, int* num_ok, int* num_failure,                       int* num_drops,                       const RpcOptions& rpc_options = RpcOptions()) {    const Status status = SendRpc(rpc_options);    if (status.ok()) {      ++*num_ok;    } else {      if (status.error_message() == "Call dropped by load balancing policy") {        ++*num_drops;      } else {        ++*num_failure;      }    }    ++*num_total;  }  std::tuple<int, int, int> WaitForAllBackends(      size_t start_index = 0, size_t stop_index = 0, bool reset_counters = true,      const RpcOptions& rpc_options = RpcOptions(),      bool allow_failures = false) {    int num_ok = 0;    int num_failure = 0;    int num_drops = 0;    int num_total = 0;    while (!SeenAllBackends(start_index, stop_index, rpc_options)) {      SendRpcAndCount(&num_total, &num_ok, &num_failure, &num_drops,                      rpc_options);    }    if (reset_counters) ResetBackendCounters();    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,            "Performed %d warm up requests against the backends. "            "%d succeeded, %d failed, %d dropped.",            num_total, num_ok, num_failure, num_drops);    if (!allow_failures) EXPECT_EQ(num_failure, 0);    return std::make_tuple(num_ok, num_failure, num_drops);  }  void WaitForBackend(size_t backend_idx, bool reset_counters = true,                      bool require_success = false) {    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= WAITING FOR BACKEND %lu ==========",            static_cast<unsigned long>(backend_idx));    do {      Status status = SendRpc();      if (require_success) {        EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok()) << "code=" << status.error_code()                                 << " message=" << status.error_message();      }    } while (backends_[backend_idx]->backend_service()->request_count() == 0);    if (reset_counters) ResetBackendCounters();    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BACKEND %lu READY ==========",            static_cast<unsigned long>(backend_idx));  }  grpc_core::ServerAddressList CreateAddressListFromPortList(      const std::vector<int>& ports) {    grpc_core::ServerAddressList addresses;    for (int port : ports) {      std::string lb_uri_str = absl::StrCat("ipv4:127.0.0.1:", port);      grpc_uri* lb_uri = grpc_uri_parse(lb_uri_str.c_str(), true);      GPR_ASSERT(lb_uri != nullptr);      grpc_resolved_address address;      GPR_ASSERT(grpc_parse_uri(lb_uri, &address));      addresses.emplace_back(address.addr, address.len, nullptr);      grpc_uri_destroy(lb_uri);    }    return addresses;  }  void SetNextResolution(      const std::vector<int>& ports,      grpc_core::FakeResolverResponseGenerator* response_generator = nullptr) {    if (GetParam().use_xds_resolver()) return;  // Not used with xds resolver.    grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;    grpc_core::Resolver::Result result;    result.addresses = CreateAddressListFromPortList(ports);    grpc_error* error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;    const char* service_config_json =        GetParam().enable_load_reporting()            ? kDefaultServiceConfig            : kDefaultServiceConfigWithoutLoadReporting;    result.service_config =        grpc_core::ServiceConfig::Create(nullptr, service_config_json, &error);    ASSERT_EQ(error, GRPC_ERROR_NONE) << grpc_error_string(error);    ASSERT_NE(result.service_config.get(), nullptr);    if (response_generator == nullptr) {      response_generator = response_generator_.get();    }    response_generator->SetResponse(std::move(result));  }  void SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers(      const char* service_config_json = nullptr,      const char* expected_targets = nullptr) {    std::vector<int> ports;    for (size_t i = 0; i < balancers_.size(); ++i) {      ports.emplace_back(balancers_[i]->port());    }    SetNextResolutionForLbChannel(ports, service_config_json, expected_targets);  }  void SetNextResolutionForLbChannel(const std::vector<int>& ports,                                     const char* service_config_json = nullptr,                                     const char* expected_targets = nullptr) {    grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;    grpc_core::Resolver::Result result;    result.addresses = CreateAddressListFromPortList(ports);    if (service_config_json != nullptr) {      grpc_error* error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;      result.service_config = grpc_core::ServiceConfig::Create(          nullptr, service_config_json, &error);      ASSERT_NE(result.service_config.get(), nullptr);      ASSERT_EQ(error, GRPC_ERROR_NONE) << grpc_error_string(error);    }    if (expected_targets != nullptr) {      grpc_arg expected_targets_arg = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(          const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_FAKE_SECURITY_EXPECTED_TARGETS),          const_cast<char*>(expected_targets));      result.args =          grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(nullptr, &expected_targets_arg, 1);    }    lb_channel_response_generator_->SetResponse(std::move(result));  }  void SetNextReresolutionResponse(const std::vector<int>& ports) {    grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;    grpc_core::Resolver::Result result;    result.addresses = CreateAddressListFromPortList(ports);    response_generator_->SetReresolutionResponse(std::move(result));  }  const std::vector<int> GetBackendPorts(size_t start_index = 0,                                         size_t stop_index = 0) const {    if (stop_index == 0) stop_index = backends_.size();    std::vector<int> backend_ports;    for (size_t i = start_index; i < stop_index; ++i) {      backend_ports.push_back(backends_[i]->port());    }    return backend_ports;  }  Status SendRpc(const RpcOptions& rpc_options = RpcOptions(),                 EchoResponse* response = nullptr) {    const bool local_response = (response == nullptr);    if (local_response) response = new EchoResponse;    EchoRequest request;    ClientContext context;    for (const auto& metadata : rpc_options.metadata) {      context.AddMetadata(metadata.first, metadata.second);    }    if (rpc_options.timeout_ms != 0) {      context.set_deadline(          grpc_timeout_milliseconds_to_deadline(rpc_options.timeout_ms));    }    if (rpc_options.wait_for_ready) context.set_wait_for_ready(true);    request.set_message(kRequestMessage);    if (rpc_options.server_fail) {      request.mutable_param()->mutable_expected_error()->set_code(          GRPC_STATUS_FAILED_PRECONDITION);    }    Status status;    switch (rpc_options.service) {      case SERVICE_ECHO:        status =            SendRpcMethod(&stub_, rpc_options, &context, request, response);        break;      case SERVICE_ECHO1:        status =            SendRpcMethod(&stub1_, rpc_options, &context, request, response);        break;      case SERVICE_ECHO2:        status =            SendRpcMethod(&stub2_, rpc_options, &context, request, response);        break;    }    if (local_response) delete response;    return status;  }  void CheckRpcSendOk(const size_t times = 1,                      const RpcOptions& rpc_options = RpcOptions()) {    for (size_t i = 0; i < times; ++i) {      EchoResponse response;      const Status status = SendRpc(rpc_options, &response);      EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok()) << "code=" << status.error_code()                               << " message=" << status.error_message();      EXPECT_EQ(response.message(), kRequestMessage);    }  }  void CheckRpcSendFailure(      const size_t times = 1, const RpcOptions& rpc_options = RpcOptions(),      const StatusCode expected_error_code = StatusCode::OK) {    for (size_t i = 0; i < times; ++i) {      const Status status = SendRpc(rpc_options);      EXPECT_FALSE(status.ok());      if (expected_error_code != StatusCode::OK) {        EXPECT_EQ(expected_error_code, status.error_code());      }    }  }  void SetRouteConfiguration(int idx, const RouteConfiguration& route_config) {    if (GetParam().enable_rds_testing()) {      balancers_[idx]->ads_service()->SetRdsResource(route_config);    } else {      balancers_[idx]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(          AdsServiceImpl::BuildListener(route_config));    }  }  AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState RouteConfigurationResponseState(int idx) const {    AdsServiceImpl* ads_service = balancers_[idx]->ads_service();    if (GetParam().enable_rds_testing()) {      return ads_service->rds_response_state();    }    return ads_service->lds_response_state();  } public:  // This method could benefit test subclasses; to make it accessible  // via bind with a qualified name, it needs to be public.  void SetEdsResourceWithDelay(size_t i,                               const ClusterLoadAssignment& assignment,                               int delay_ms) {    GPR_ASSERT(delay_ms > 0);    gpr_sleep_until(grpc_timeout_milliseconds_to_deadline(delay_ms));    balancers_[i]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(assignment);  } protected:  class ServerThread {   public:    ServerThread() : port_(g_port_saver->GetPort()) {}    virtual ~ServerThread(){};    void Start() {      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "starting %s server on port %d", Type(), port_);      GPR_ASSERT(!running_);      running_ = true;      StartAllServices();      grpc_core::Mutex mu;      // We need to acquire the lock here in order to prevent the notify_one      // by ServerThread::Serve from firing before the wait below is hit.      grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&mu);      grpc_core::CondVar cond;      thread_ = absl::make_unique<std::thread>(          std::bind(&ServerThread::Serve, this, &mu, &cond));      cond.Wait(&mu);      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "%s server startup complete", Type());    }    void Serve(grpc_core::Mutex* mu, grpc_core::CondVar* cond) {      // We need to acquire the lock here in order to prevent the notify_one      // below from firing before its corresponding wait is executed.      grpc_core::MutexLock lock(mu);      std::ostringstream server_address;      server_address << "localhost:" << port_;      ServerBuilder builder;      std::shared_ptr<ServerCredentials> creds(new SecureServerCredentials(          grpc_fake_transport_security_server_credentials_create()));      builder.AddListeningPort(server_address.str(), creds);      RegisterAllServices(&builder);      server_ = builder.BuildAndStart();      cond->Signal();    }    void Shutdown() {      if (!running_) return;      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "%s about to shutdown", Type());      ShutdownAllServices();      server_->Shutdown(grpc_timeout_milliseconds_to_deadline(0));      thread_->join();      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "%s shutdown completed", Type());      running_ = false;    }    int port() const { return port_; }   private:    virtual void RegisterAllServices(ServerBuilder* builder) = 0;    virtual void StartAllServices() = 0;    virtual void ShutdownAllServices() = 0;    virtual const char* Type() = 0;    const int port_;    std::unique_ptr<Server> server_;    std::unique_ptr<std::thread> thread_;    bool running_ = false;  };  class BackendServerThread : public ServerThread {   public:    BackendServiceImpl<::grpc::testing::EchoTestService::Service>*    backend_service() {      return &backend_service_;    }    BackendServiceImpl<::grpc::testing::EchoTest1Service::Service>*    backend_service1() {      return &backend_service1_;    }    BackendServiceImpl<::grpc::testing::EchoTest2Service::Service>*    backend_service2() {      return &backend_service2_;    }   private:    void RegisterAllServices(ServerBuilder* builder) override {      builder->RegisterService(&backend_service_);      builder->RegisterService(&backend_service1_);      builder->RegisterService(&backend_service2_);    }    void StartAllServices() override {      backend_service_.Start();      backend_service1_.Start();      backend_service2_.Start();    }    void ShutdownAllServices() override {      backend_service_.Shutdown();      backend_service1_.Shutdown();      backend_service2_.Shutdown();    }    const char* Type() override { return "Backend"; }    BackendServiceImpl<::grpc::testing::EchoTestService::Service>        backend_service_;    BackendServiceImpl<::grpc::testing::EchoTest1Service::Service>        backend_service1_;    BackendServiceImpl<::grpc::testing::EchoTest2Service::Service>        backend_service2_;  };  class BalancerServerThread : public ServerThread {   public:    explicit BalancerServerThread(int client_load_reporting_interval = 0)        : ads_service_(new AdsServiceImpl(client_load_reporting_interval > 0)),          lrs_service_(new LrsServiceImpl(client_load_reporting_interval)) {}    AdsServiceImpl* ads_service() { return ads_service_.get(); }    LrsServiceImpl* lrs_service() { return lrs_service_.get(); }   private:    void RegisterAllServices(ServerBuilder* builder) override {      builder->RegisterService(ads_service_->v2_rpc_service());      builder->RegisterService(ads_service_->v3_rpc_service());      builder->RegisterService(lrs_service_->v2_rpc_service());      builder->RegisterService(lrs_service_->v3_rpc_service());    }    void StartAllServices() override {      ads_service_->Start();      lrs_service_->Start();    }    void ShutdownAllServices() override {      ads_service_->Shutdown();      lrs_service_->Shutdown();    }    const char* Type() override { return "Balancer"; }    std::shared_ptr<AdsServiceImpl> ads_service_;    std::shared_ptr<LrsServiceImpl> lrs_service_;  };  class LongRunningRpc {   public:    void StartRpc(grpc::testing::EchoTestService::Stub* stub) {      sender_thread_ = std::thread([this, stub]() {        EchoResponse response;        EchoRequest request;        request.mutable_param()->set_client_cancel_after_us(1 * 1000 * 1000);        request.set_message(kRequestMessage);        stub->Echo(&context_, request, &response);      });    }    void CancelRpc() {      context_.TryCancel();      sender_thread_.join();    }   private:    std::thread sender_thread_;    ClientContext context_;  };  const size_t num_backends_;  const size_t num_balancers_;  const int client_load_reporting_interval_seconds_;  std::shared_ptr<Channel> channel_;  std::unique_ptr<grpc::testing::EchoTestService::Stub> stub_;  std::unique_ptr<grpc::testing::EchoTest1Service::Stub> stub1_;  std::unique_ptr<grpc::testing::EchoTest2Service::Stub> stub2_;  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<BackendServerThread>> backends_;  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<BalancerServerThread>> balancers_;  grpc_core::RefCountedPtr<grpc_core::FakeResolverResponseGenerator>      response_generator_;  grpc_core::RefCountedPtr<grpc_core::FakeResolverResponseGenerator>      lb_channel_response_generator_;  int xds_resource_does_not_exist_timeout_ms_ = 0;  absl::InlinedVector<grpc_arg, 2> xds_channel_args_to_add_;  grpc_channel_args xds_channel_args_;};class BasicTest : public XdsEnd2endTest { public:  BasicTest() : XdsEnd2endTest(4, 1) {}};// Tests that the balancer sends the correct response to the client, and the// client sends RPCs to the backends using the default child policy.TEST_P(BasicTest, Vanilla) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcsPerAddress = 100;  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Make sure that trying to connect works without a call.  channel_->GetState(true /* try_to_connect */);  // We need to wait for all backends to come online.  WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcsPerAddress RPCs per server.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcsPerAddress * num_backends_);  // Each backend should have gotten 100 requests.  for (size_t i = 0; i < backends_.size(); ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcsPerAddress,              backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }  // Check LB policy name for the channel.  EXPECT_EQ((GetParam().use_xds_resolver() ? "xds_cluster_manager_experimental"                                           : "eds_experimental"),            channel_->GetLoadBalancingPolicyName());}TEST_P(BasicTest, IgnoresUnhealthyEndpoints) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcsPerAddress = 100;  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0",       GetBackendPorts(),       kDefaultLocalityWeight,       kDefaultLocalityPriority,       {HealthStatus::DRAINING}},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Make sure that trying to connect works without a call.  channel_->GetState(true /* try_to_connect */);  // We need to wait for all backends to come online.  WaitForAllBackends(/*start_index=*/1);  // Send kNumRpcsPerAddress RPCs per server.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcsPerAddress * (num_backends_ - 1));  // Each backend should have gotten 100 requests.  for (size_t i = 1; i < backends_.size(); ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcsPerAddress,              backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }}// Tests that subchannel sharing works when the same backend is listed multiple// times.TEST_P(BasicTest, SameBackendListedMultipleTimes) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Same backend listed twice.  std::vector<int> ports(2, backends_[0]->port());  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", ports},  });  const size_t kNumRpcsPerAddress = 10;  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // We need to wait for the backend to come online.  WaitForBackend(0);  // Send kNumRpcsPerAddress RPCs per server.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcsPerAddress * ports.size());  // Backend should have gotten 20 requests.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcsPerAddress * ports.size(),            backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  // And they should have come from a single client port, because of  // subchannel sharing.  EXPECT_EQ(1UL, backends_[0]->backend_service()->clients().size());}// Tests that RPCs will be blocked until a non-empty serverlist is received.TEST_P(BasicTest, InitiallyEmptyServerlist) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const int kServerlistDelayMs = 500 * grpc_test_slowdown_factor();  const int kCallDeadlineMs = kServerlistDelayMs * 2;  // First response is an empty serverlist, sent right away.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs::Locality empty_locality("locality0", {});  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      empty_locality,  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Send non-empty serverlist only after kServerlistDelayMs.  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  std::thread delayed_resource_setter(      std::bind(&BasicTest::SetEdsResourceWithDelay, this, 0,                AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()),                kServerlistDelayMs));  const auto t0 = system_clock::now();  // Client will block: LB will initially send empty serverlist.  CheckRpcSendOk(      1, RpcOptions().set_timeout_ms(kCallDeadlineMs).set_wait_for_ready(true));  const auto ellapsed_ms =      std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(          system_clock::now() - t0);  // but eventually, the LB sends a serverlist update that allows the call to  // proceed. The call delay must be larger than the delay in sending the  // populated serverlist but under the call's deadline (which is enforced by  // the call's deadline).  EXPECT_GT(ellapsed_ms.count(), kServerlistDelayMs);  delayed_resource_setter.join();}// Tests that RPCs will fail with UNAVAILABLE instead of DEADLINE_EXCEEDED if// all the servers are unreachable.TEST_P(BasicTest, AllServersUnreachableFailFast) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumUnreachableServers = 5;  std::vector<int> ports;  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumUnreachableServers; ++i) {    ports.push_back(g_port_saver->GetPort());  }  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", ports},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  const Status status = SendRpc();  // The error shouldn't be DEADLINE_EXCEEDED.  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::UNAVAILABLE, status.error_code());}// Tests that RPCs fail when the backends are down, and will succeed again after// the backends are restarted.TEST_P(BasicTest, BackendsRestart) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  WaitForAllBackends();  // Stop backends.  RPCs should fail.  ShutdownAllBackends();  // Sending multiple failed requests instead of just one to ensure that the  // client notices that all backends are down before we restart them. If we  // didn't do this, then a single RPC could fail here due to the race condition  // between the LB pick and the GOAWAY from the chosen backend being shut down,  // which would not actually prove that the client noticed that all of the  // backends are down. Then, when we send another request below (which we  // expect to succeed), if the callbacks happen in the wrong order, the same  // race condition could happen again due to the client not yet having noticed  // that the backends were all down.  CheckRpcSendFailure(num_backends_);  // Restart all backends.  RPCs should start succeeding again.  StartAllBackends();  CheckRpcSendOk(1, RpcOptions().set_timeout_ms(2000).set_wait_for_ready(true));}TEST_P(BasicTest, IgnoresDuplicateUpdates) {  const size_t kNumRpcsPerAddress = 100;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait for all backends to come online.  WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcsPerAddress RPCs per server, but send an EDS update in  // between.  If the update is not ignored, this will cause the  // round_robin policy to see an update, which will randomly reset its  // position in the address list.  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumRpcsPerAddress; ++i) {    CheckRpcSendOk(2);    balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(        AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));    CheckRpcSendOk(2);  }  // Each backend should have gotten the right number of requests.  for (size_t i = 1; i < backends_.size(); ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcsPerAddress,              backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }}using XdsResolverOnlyTest = BasicTest;TEST_P(XdsResolverOnlyTest, ResourceTypeVersionPersistsAcrossStreamRestarts) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // Wait for backends to come online.  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1);  // Stop balancer.  balancers_[0]->Shutdown();  // Tell balancer to require minimum version 1 for all resource types.  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetResourceMinVersion(kLdsTypeUrl, 1);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetResourceMinVersion(kRdsTypeUrl, 1);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetResourceMinVersion(kCdsTypeUrl, 1);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetResourceMinVersion(kEdsTypeUrl, 1);  // Update backend, just so we can be sure that the client has  // reconnected to the balancer.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2));  // Restart balancer.  balancers_[0]->Start();  // Make sure client has reconnected.  WaitForAllBackends(1, 2);}// Tests switching over from one cluster to another.TEST_P(XdsResolverOnlyTest, ChangeClusters) {  const char* kNewClusterName = "new_cluster_name";  const char* kNewEdsServiceName = "new_eds_service_name";  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // We need to wait for all backends to come online.  WaitForAllBackends(0, 2);  // Populate new EDS resource.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 4)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsServiceName));  // Populate new CDS resource.  Cluster new_cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster.set_name(kNewClusterName);  new_cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsServiceName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster);  // Change RDS resource to point to new cluster.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)      ->mutable_routes(0)      ->mutable_route()      ->set_cluster(kNewClusterName);  Listener listener =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->BuildListener(new_route_config);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  // Wait for all new backends to be used.  std::tuple<int, int, int> counts = WaitForAllBackends(2, 4);  // Make sure no RPCs failed in the transition.  EXPECT_EQ(0, std::get<1>(counts));}// Tests that we go into TRANSIENT_FAILURE if the Cluster disappears.TEST_P(XdsResolverOnlyTest, ClusterRemoved) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // We need to wait for all backends to come online.  WaitForAllBackends();  // Unset CDS resource.  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->UnsetResource(kCdsTypeUrl, kDefaultClusterName);  // Wait for RPCs to start failing.  do {  } while (SendRpc(RpcOptions(), nullptr).ok());  // Make sure RPCs are still failing.  CheckRpcSendFailure(1000);  // Make sure we ACK'ed the update.  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->cds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}// Tests that we restart all xDS requests when we reestablish the ADS call.TEST_P(XdsResolverOnlyTest, RestartsRequestsUponReconnection) {  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsToUseDynamicRds();  const char* kNewClusterName = "new_cluster_name";  const char* kNewEdsServiceName = "new_eds_service_name";  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // We need to wait for all backends to come online.  WaitForAllBackends(0, 2);  // Now shut down and restart the balancer.  When the client  // reconnects, it should automatically restart the requests for all  // resource types.  balancers_[0]->Shutdown();  balancers_[0]->Start();  // Make sure things are still working.  CheckRpcSendOk(100);  // Populate new EDS resource.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 4)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsServiceName));  // Populate new CDS resource.  Cluster new_cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster.set_name(kNewClusterName);  new_cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsServiceName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster);  // Change RDS resource to point to new cluster.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)      ->mutable_routes(0)      ->mutable_route()      ->set_cluster(kNewClusterName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetRdsResource(new_route_config);  // Wait for all new backends to be used.  std::tuple<int, int, int> counts = WaitForAllBackends(2, 4);  // Make sure no RPCs failed in the transition.  EXPECT_EQ(0, std::get<1>(counts));}TEST_P(XdsResolverOnlyTest, DefaultRouteSpecifiesSlashPrefix) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)      ->mutable_routes(0)      ->mutable_match()      ->set_prefix("/");  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildListener(route_config));  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // We need to wait for all backends to come online.  WaitForAllBackends();}TEST_P(XdsResolverOnlyTest, CircuitBreaking) {  gpr_setenv("GRPC_XDS_EXPERIMENTAL_CIRCUIT_BREAKING", "true");  constexpr size_t kMaxConcurrentRequests = 10;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // Update CDS resource to set max concurrent request.  CircuitBreakers circuit_breaks;  Cluster cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  auto* threshold = cluster.mutable_circuit_breakers()->add_thresholds();  threshold->set_priority(RoutingPriority::DEFAULT);  threshold->mutable_max_requests()->set_value(kMaxConcurrentRequests);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(cluster);  // Send exactly max_concurrent_requests long RPCs.  LongRunningRpc rpcs[kMaxConcurrentRequests];  for (size_t i = 0; i < kMaxConcurrentRequests; ++i) {    rpcs[i].StartRpc(stub_.get());  }  // Wait for all RPCs to be in flight.  while (backends_[0]->backend_service()->RpcsWaitingForClientCancel() <         kMaxConcurrentRequests) {    gpr_sleep_until(gpr_time_add(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME),                                 gpr_time_from_micros(1 * 1000, GPR_TIMESPAN)));  }  // Sending a RPC now should fail, the error message should tell us  // we hit the max concurrent requests limit and got dropped.  Status status = SendRpc();  EXPECT_FALSE(status.ok());  EXPECT_EQ(status.error_message(), "Call dropped by load balancing policy");  // Cancel one RPC to allow another one through  rpcs[0].CancelRpc();  status = SendRpc();  EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok());  for (size_t i = 1; i < kMaxConcurrentRequests; ++i) {    rpcs[i].CancelRpc();  }  // Make sure RPCs go to the correct backend:  EXPECT_EQ(kMaxConcurrentRequests + 1,            backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  gpr_unsetenv("GRPC_XDS_EXPERIMENTAL_CIRCUIT_BREAKING");}TEST_P(XdsResolverOnlyTest, CircuitBreakingMultipleChannelsShareCallCounter) {  gpr_setenv("GRPC_XDS_EXPERIMENTAL_CIRCUIT_BREAKING", "true");  constexpr size_t kMaxConcurrentRequests = 10;  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // Update CDS resource to set max concurrent request.  CircuitBreakers circuit_breaks;  Cluster cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  auto* threshold = cluster.mutable_circuit_breakers()->add_thresholds();  threshold->set_priority(RoutingPriority::DEFAULT);  threshold->mutable_max_requests()->set_value(kMaxConcurrentRequests);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(cluster);  // Create second channel.  auto response_generator2 =      grpc_core::MakeRefCounted<grpc_core::FakeResolverResponseGenerator>();  auto channel2 = CreateChannel(      /*failover_timeout=*/0, /*server_name=*/kServerName,      response_generator2.get());  auto stub2 = grpc::testing::EchoTestService::NewStub(channel2);  // Set resolution results for both channels and for the xDS channel.  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolution({}, response_generator2.get());  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Send exactly max_concurrent_requests long RPCs, alternating between  // the two channels.  LongRunningRpc rpcs[kMaxConcurrentRequests];  for (size_t i = 0; i < kMaxConcurrentRequests; ++i) {    rpcs[i].StartRpc(i % 2 == 0 ? stub_.get() : stub2.get());  }  // Wait for all RPCs to be in flight.  while (backends_[0]->backend_service()->RpcsWaitingForClientCancel() <         kMaxConcurrentRequests) {    gpr_sleep_until(gpr_time_add(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME),                                 gpr_time_from_micros(1 * 1000, GPR_TIMESPAN)));  }  // Sending a RPC now should fail, the error message should tell us  // we hit the max concurrent requests limit and got dropped.  Status status = SendRpc();  EXPECT_FALSE(status.ok());  EXPECT_EQ(status.error_message(), "Call dropped by load balancing policy");  // Cancel one RPC to allow another one through  rpcs[0].CancelRpc();  status = SendRpc();  EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok());  for (size_t i = 1; i < kMaxConcurrentRequests; ++i) {    rpcs[i].CancelRpc();  }  // Make sure RPCs go to the correct backend:  EXPECT_EQ(kMaxConcurrentRequests + 1,            backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  gpr_unsetenv("GRPC_XDS_EXPERIMENTAL_CIRCUIT_BREAKING");}TEST_P(XdsResolverOnlyTest, CircuitBreakingDisabled) {  constexpr size_t kMaxConcurrentRequests = 10;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // Update CDS resource to set max concurrent request.  CircuitBreakers circuit_breaks;  Cluster cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  auto* threshold = cluster.mutable_circuit_breakers()->add_thresholds();  threshold->set_priority(RoutingPriority::DEFAULT);  threshold->mutable_max_requests()->set_value(kMaxConcurrentRequests);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(cluster);  // Send exactly max_concurrent_requests long RPCs.  LongRunningRpc rpcs[kMaxConcurrentRequests];  for (size_t i = 0; i < kMaxConcurrentRequests; ++i) {    rpcs[i].StartRpc(stub_.get());  }  // Wait for all RPCs to be in flight.  while (backends_[0]->backend_service()->RpcsWaitingForClientCancel() <         kMaxConcurrentRequests) {    gpr_sleep_until(gpr_time_add(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME),                                 gpr_time_from_micros(1 * 1000, GPR_TIMESPAN)));  }  // Sending a RPC now should not fail as circuit breaking is disabled.  Status status = SendRpc();  EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok());  for (size_t i = 0; i < kMaxConcurrentRequests; ++i) {    rpcs[i].CancelRpc();  }  // Make sure RPCs go to the correct backend:  EXPECT_EQ(kMaxConcurrentRequests + 1,            backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());}TEST_P(XdsResolverOnlyTest, MultipleChannelsShareXdsClient) {  const char* kNewServerName = "new-server.example.com";  Listener listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();  listener.set_name(kNewServerName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  WaitForAllBackends();  // Create second channel and tell it to connect to kNewServerName.  auto channel2 = CreateChannel(/*failover_timeout=*/0, kNewServerName);  channel2->GetState(/*try_to_connect=*/true);  ASSERT_TRUE(      channel2->WaitForConnected(grpc_timeout_milliseconds_to_deadline(100)));  // Make sure there's only one client connected.  EXPECT_EQ(1UL, balancers_[0]->ads_service()->clients().size());}class XdsResolverLoadReportingOnlyTest : public XdsEnd2endTest { public:  XdsResolverLoadReportingOnlyTest() : XdsEnd2endTest(4, 1, 3) {}};// Tests load reporting when switching over from one cluster to another.TEST_P(XdsResolverLoadReportingOnlyTest, ChangeClusters) {  const char* kNewClusterName = "new_cluster_name";  const char* kNewEdsServiceName = "new_eds_service_name";  balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->set_cluster_names(      {kDefaultClusterName, kNewClusterName});  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // cluster kDefaultClusterName -> locality0 -> backends 0 and 1  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // cluster kNewClusterName -> locality1 -> backends 2 and 3  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(2, 4)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsServiceName));  // CDS resource for kNewClusterName.  Cluster new_cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster.set_name(kNewClusterName);  new_cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsServiceName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster);  // Wait for all backends to come online.  int num_ok = 0;  int num_failure = 0;  int num_drops = 0;  std::tie(num_ok, num_failure, num_drops) = WaitForAllBackends(0, 2);  // The load report received at the balancer should be correct.  std::vector<ClientStats> load_report =      balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->WaitForLoadReport();  EXPECT_THAT(      load_report,      ::testing::ElementsAre(::testing::AllOf(          ::testing::Property(&ClientStats::cluster_name, kDefaultClusterName),          ::testing::Property(              &ClientStats::locality_stats,              ::testing::ElementsAre(::testing::Pair(                  "locality0",                  ::testing::AllOf(                      ::testing::Field(&ClientStats::LocalityStats::                                           total_successful_requests,                                       num_ok),                      ::testing::Field(&ClientStats::LocalityStats::                                           total_requests_in_progress,                                       0UL),                      ::testing::Field(                          &ClientStats::LocalityStats::total_error_requests,                          num_failure),                      ::testing::Field(                          &ClientStats::LocalityStats::total_issued_requests,                          num_failure + num_ok))))),          ::testing::Property(&ClientStats::total_dropped_requests,                              num_drops))));  // Change RDS resource to point to new cluster.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)      ->mutable_routes(0)      ->mutable_route()      ->set_cluster(kNewClusterName);  Listener listener =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->BuildListener(new_route_config);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  // Wait for all new backends to be used.  std::tie(num_ok, num_failure, num_drops) = WaitForAllBackends(2, 4);  // The load report received at the balancer should be correct.  load_report = balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->WaitForLoadReport();  EXPECT_THAT(      load_report,      ::testing::ElementsAre(          ::testing::AllOf(              ::testing::Property(&ClientStats::cluster_name,                                  kDefaultClusterName),              ::testing::Property(                  &ClientStats::locality_stats,                  ::testing::ElementsAre(::testing::Pair(                      "locality0",                      ::testing::AllOf(                          ::testing::Field(&ClientStats::LocalityStats::                                               total_successful_requests,                                           ::testing::Lt(num_ok)),                          ::testing::Field(&ClientStats::LocalityStats::                                               total_requests_in_progress,                                           0UL),                          ::testing::Field(                              &ClientStats::LocalityStats::total_error_requests,                              ::testing::Le(num_failure)),                          ::testing::Field(                              &ClientStats::LocalityStats::                                  total_issued_requests,                              ::testing::Le(num_failure + num_ok)))))),              ::testing::Property(&ClientStats::total_dropped_requests,                                  num_drops)),          ::testing::AllOf(              ::testing::Property(&ClientStats::cluster_name, kNewClusterName),              ::testing::Property(                  &ClientStats::locality_stats,                  ::testing::ElementsAre(::testing::Pair(                      "locality1",                      ::testing::AllOf(                          ::testing::Field(&ClientStats::LocalityStats::                                               total_successful_requests,                                           ::testing::Le(num_ok)),                          ::testing::Field(&ClientStats::LocalityStats::                                               total_requests_in_progress,                                           0UL),                          ::testing::Field(                              &ClientStats::LocalityStats::total_error_requests,                              ::testing::Le(num_failure)),                          ::testing::Field(                              &ClientStats::LocalityStats::                                  total_issued_requests,                              ::testing::Le(num_failure + num_ok)))))),              ::testing::Property(&ClientStats::total_dropped_requests,                                  num_drops))));  int total_ok = 0;  int total_failure = 0;  for (const ClientStats& client_stats : load_report) {    total_ok += client_stats.total_successful_requests();    total_failure += client_stats.total_error_requests();  }  EXPECT_EQ(total_ok, num_ok);  EXPECT_EQ(total_failure, num_failure);  // The LRS service got a single request, and sent a single response.  EXPECT_EQ(1U, balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(1U, balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->response_count());}using SecureNamingTest = BasicTest;// Tests that secure naming check passes if target name is expected.TEST_P(SecureNamingTest, TargetNameIsExpected) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel({balancers_[0]->port()}, nullptr, "xds_server");  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  CheckRpcSendOk();}// Tests that secure naming check fails if target name is unexpected.TEST_P(SecureNamingTest, TargetNameIsUnexpected) {  ::testing::FLAGS_gtest_death_test_style = "threadsafe";  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel({balancers_[0]->port()}, nullptr,                                "incorrect_server_name");  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Make sure that we blow up (via abort() from the security connector) when  // the name from the balancer doesn't match expectations.  ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED({ CheckRpcSendOk(); }, "");}using LdsTest = BasicTest;// Tests that LDS client should send a NACK if there is no API listener in the// Listener in the LDS response.TEST_P(LdsTest, NoApiListener) {  auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();  listener.clear_api_listener();  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->lds_response_state();  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "Listener has no ApiListener.");}// Tests that LDS client should send a NACK if the route_specifier in the// http_connection_manager is neither inlined route_config nor RDS.TEST_P(LdsTest, WrongRouteSpecifier) {  auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();  HttpConnectionManager http_connection_manager;  http_connection_manager.mutable_scoped_routes();  listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(      http_connection_manager);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->lds_response_state();  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "HttpConnectionManager neither has inlined route_config nor RDS.");}// Tests that LDS client should send a NACK if the rds message in the// http_connection_manager is missing the config_source field.TEST_P(LdsTest, RdsMissingConfigSource) {  auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();  HttpConnectionManager http_connection_manager;  http_connection_manager.mutable_rds()->set_route_config_name(      kDefaultRouteConfigurationName);  listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(      http_connection_manager);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->lds_response_state();  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "HttpConnectionManager missing config_source for RDS.");}// Tests that LDS client should send a NACK if the rds message in the// http_connection_manager has a config_source field that does not specify ADS.TEST_P(LdsTest, RdsConfigSourceDoesNotSpecifyAds) {  auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();  HttpConnectionManager http_connection_manager;  auto* rds = http_connection_manager.mutable_rds();  rds->set_route_config_name(kDefaultRouteConfigurationName);  rds->mutable_config_source()->mutable_self();  listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(      http_connection_manager);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->lds_response_state();  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "HttpConnectionManager ConfigSource for RDS does not specify ADS.");}using LdsRdsTest = BasicTest;// Tests that LDS client should send an ACK upon correct LDS response (with// inlined RDS result).TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, Vanilla) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  (void)SendRpc();  EXPECT_EQ(RouteConfigurationResponseState(0).state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);  // Make sure we actually used the RPC service for the right version of xDS.  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->seen_v2_client(),            GetParam().use_v2());  EXPECT_NE(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->seen_v3_client(),            GetParam().use_v2());}// Tests that we go into TRANSIENT_FAILURE if the Listener is removed.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, ListenerRemoved) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  // We need to wait for all backends to come online.  WaitForAllBackends();  // Unset LDS resource.  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->UnsetResource(kLdsTypeUrl, kServerName);  // Wait for RPCs to start failing.  do {  } while (SendRpc(RpcOptions(), nullptr).ok());  // Make sure RPCs are still failing.  CheckRpcSendFailure(1000);  // Make sure we ACK'ed the update.  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->lds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}// Tests that LDS client ACKs but fails if matching domain can't be found in// the LDS response.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, NoMatchedDomain) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->clear_domains();  route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_domains("unmatched_domain");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  // Do a bit of polling, to allow the ACK to get to the ADS server.  channel_->WaitForConnected(grpc_timeout_milliseconds_to_deadline(100));  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}// Tests that LDS client should choose the virtual host with matching domain if// multiple virtual hosts exist in the LDS response.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, ChooseMatchedDomain) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  *(route_config.add_virtual_hosts()) = route_config.virtual_hosts(0);  route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->clear_domains();  route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_domains("unmatched_domain");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  (void)SendRpc();  EXPECT_EQ(RouteConfigurationResponseState(0).state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}// Tests that LDS client should choose the last route in the virtual host if// multiple routes exist in the LDS response.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, ChooseLastRoute) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  *(route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes()) =      route_config.virtual_hosts(0).routes(0);  route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)      ->mutable_routes(0)      ->mutable_route()      ->mutable_cluster_header();  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  (void)SendRpc();  EXPECT_EQ(RouteConfigurationResponseState(0).state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has query_parameters.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasQueryParameters) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  route1->mutable_match()->add_query_parameters();  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Tests that LDS client should send a ACK if route match has a prefix// that is either empty or a single slashTEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasValidPrefixEmptyOrSingleSlash) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  (void)SendRpc();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has a path// prefix string does not start with "/".TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPrefixNoLeadingSlash) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has a prefix// string with more than 2 slashes.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPrefixExtraContent) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/Echo1/");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has a prefix// string "//".TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPrefixDoubleSlash) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("//");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has path// but it's empty.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPathEmptyPath) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has path// string does not start with "/".TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPathNoLeadingSlash) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/Echo1");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has path// string that has too many slashes; for example, ends with "/".TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPathTooManySlashes) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/Echo1/");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has path// string that has only 1 slash: missing "/" between service and method.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPathOnlyOneSlash) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service.Echo1");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has path// string that is missing service.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPathMissingService) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("//Echo1");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Tests that LDS client should ignore route which has path// string that is missing method.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPathMissingMethod) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No valid routes specified.");}// Test that LDS client should reject route which has invalid path regex.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteMatchHasInvalidPathRegex) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->mutable_safe_regex()->set_regex("a[z-a]");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "Invalid regex string specified in path matcher.");}// Tests that LDS client should send a NACK if route has an action other than// RouteAction in the LDS response.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteHasNoRouteAction) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0)->mutable_redirect();  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "No RouteAction found in route.");}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteActionClusterHasEmptyClusterName) {  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster("");  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "RouteAction cluster contains empty cluster name.");}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteActionWeightedTargetHasIncorrectTotalWeightSet) {  const size_t kWeight75 = 75;  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* weighted_cluster1 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster1->set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  weighted_cluster1->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight75);  route1->mutable_route()      ->mutable_weighted_clusters()      ->mutable_total_weight()      ->set_value(kWeight75 + 1);  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "RouteAction weighted_cluster has incorrect total weight");}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteActionWeightedTargetClusterHasEmptyClusterName) {  const size_t kWeight75 = 75;  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* weighted_cluster1 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster1->set_name("");  weighted_cluster1->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight75);  route1->mutable_route()      ->mutable_weighted_clusters()      ->mutable_total_weight()      ->set_value(kWeight75);  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(      response_state.error_message,      "RouteAction weighted_cluster cluster contains empty cluster name.");}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteActionWeightedTargetClusterHasNoWeight) {  const size_t kWeight75 = 75;  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* weighted_cluster1 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster1->set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  route1->mutable_route()      ->mutable_weighted_clusters()      ->mutable_total_weight()      ->set_value(kWeight75);  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "RouteAction weighted_cluster cluster missing weight");}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteHeaderMatchInvalidRegex) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* header_matcher1 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher1->set_name("header1");  header_matcher1->mutable_safe_regex_match()->set_regex("a[z-a]");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "Invalid regex string specified in header matcher.");}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteHeaderMatchInvalidRange) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* header_matcher1 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher1->set_name("header1");  header_matcher1->mutable_range_match()->set_start(1001);  header_matcher1->mutable_range_match()->set_end(1000);  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "Invalid range header matcher specifier specified: end "            "cannot be smaller than start.");}// Tests that LDS client should choose the default route (with no matching// specified) after unable to find a match with previous routes.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingPathMatching) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 10;  const size_t kNumEcho2Rpcs = 20;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 30;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(3, 4)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/Echo1");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto* route2 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route2->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest2Service/Echo2");  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  auto* route3 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route3->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest3Service/Echo3");  route3->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  auto* default_route = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(0, 2);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs, RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions()                                    .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1)                                    .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO1)                                    .set_wait_for_ready(true));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho2Rpcs, RpcOptions()                                    .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO2)                                    .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO2)                                    .set_wait_for_ready(true));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  for (size_t i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs / 2,              backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());    EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[i]->backend_service1()->request_count());    EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[i]->backend_service2()->request_count());  }  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho1Rpcs, backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service2()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho2Rpcs, backends_[3]->backend_service2()->request_count());}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingPathMatchingCaseInsensitive) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 10;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 30;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  // First route will not match, since it's case-sensitive.  // Second route will match with same path.  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("/GrPc.TeStInG.EcHoTeSt1SErViCe/EcHo1");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto* route2 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route2->mutable_match()->set_path("/GrPc.TeStInG.EcHoTeSt1SErViCe/EcHo1");  route2->mutable_match()->mutable_case_sensitive()->set_value(false);  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  auto* default_route = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs, RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions()                                    .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1)                                    .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO1)                                    .set_wait_for_ready(true));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho1Rpcs, backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count());}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingPrefixMatching) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 10;  const size_t kNumEcho2Rpcs = 20;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 30;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(3, 4)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto* route2 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route2->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest2Service/");  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  auto* default_route = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(0, 2);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs, RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true));  CheckRpcSendOk(      kNumEcho1Rpcs,      RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1).set_wait_for_ready(true));  CheckRpcSendOk(      kNumEcho2Rpcs,      RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO2).set_wait_for_ready(true));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  for (size_t i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs / 2,              backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());    EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[i]->backend_service1()->request_count());    EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[i]->backend_service2()->request_count());  }  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho1Rpcs, backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service2()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho2Rpcs, backends_[3]->backend_service2()->request_count());}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingPrefixMatchingCaseInsensitive) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 10;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 30;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  // First route will not match, since it's case-sensitive.  // Second route will match with same path.  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/GrPc.TeStInG.EcHoTeSt1SErViCe");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto* route2 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route2->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/GrPc.TeStInG.EcHoTeSt1SErViCe");  route2->mutable_match()->mutable_case_sensitive()->set_value(false);  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  auto* default_route = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs, RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions()                                    .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1)                                    .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO1)                                    .set_wait_for_ready(true));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho1Rpcs, backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count());}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingPathRegexMatching) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 10;  const size_t kNumEcho2Rpcs = 20;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 30;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(3, 4)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  // Will match "/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/"  route1->mutable_match()->mutable_safe_regex()->set_regex(".*1.*");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto* route2 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  // Will match "/grpc.testing.EchoTest2Service/"  route2->mutable_match()->mutable_safe_regex()->set_regex(".*2.*");  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  auto* default_route = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(0, 2);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs, RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true));  CheckRpcSendOk(      kNumEcho1Rpcs,      RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1).set_wait_for_ready(true));  CheckRpcSendOk(      kNumEcho2Rpcs,      RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO2).set_wait_for_ready(true));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  for (size_t i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs / 2,              backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());    EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[i]->backend_service1()->request_count());    EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[i]->backend_service2()->request_count());  }  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho1Rpcs, backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service2()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho2Rpcs, backends_[3]->backend_service2()->request_count());}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingPathRegexMatchingCaseInsensitive) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 10;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 30;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  // First route will not match, since it's case-sensitive.  // Second route will match with same path.  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->mutable_safe_regex()->set_regex(      ".*EcHoTeSt1SErViCe.*");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto* route2 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route2->mutable_match()->mutable_safe_regex()->set_regex(      ".*EcHoTeSt1SErViCe.*");  route2->mutable_match()->mutable_case_sensitive()->set_value(false);  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  auto* default_route = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs, RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions()                                    .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1)                                    .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO1)                                    .set_wait_for_ready(true));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho1Rpcs, backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count());}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingWeightedCluster) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 1000;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 10;  const size_t kWeight75 = 75;  const size_t kWeight25 = 25;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* weighted_cluster1 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster1->set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  weighted_cluster1->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight75);  auto* weighted_cluster2 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster2->set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  weighted_cluster2->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight25);  route1->mutable_route()      ->mutable_weighted_clusters()      ->mutable_total_weight()      ->set_value(kWeight75 + kWeight25);  auto* default_route = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1);  WaitForAllBackends(1, 3, true, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  const int weight_75_request_count =      backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  const int weight_25_request_count =      backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count();  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(weight_75_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  // TODO: (@donnadionne) Reduce tolerance: increased the tolerance to keep the  // test from flaking while debugging potential root cause.  const double kErrorToleranceSmallLoad = 0.3;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "target_75 received %d rpcs and target_25 received %d rpcs",          weight_75_request_count, weight_25_request_count);  EXPECT_THAT(weight_25_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorToleranceSmallLoad)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorToleranceSmallLoad))));}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, RouteActionWeightedTargetDefaultRoute) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 1000;  const size_t kWeight75 = 75;  const size_t kWeight25 = 25;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  auto* weighted_cluster1 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster1->set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  weighted_cluster1->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight75);  auto* weighted_cluster2 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster2->set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  weighted_cluster2->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight25);  route1->mutable_route()      ->mutable_weighted_clusters()      ->mutable_total_weight()      ->set_value(kWeight75 + kWeight25);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(1, 3);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  const int weight_75_request_count =      backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count();  const int weight_25_request_count =      backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count();  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(weight_75_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEchoRpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEchoRpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  // TODO: (@donnadionne) Reduce tolerance: increased the tolerance to keep the  // test from flaking while debugging potential root cause.  const double kErrorToleranceSmallLoad = 0.3;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "target_75 received %d rpcs and target_25 received %d rpcs",          weight_75_request_count, weight_25_request_count);  EXPECT_THAT(weight_25_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEchoRpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorToleranceSmallLoad)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEchoRpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorToleranceSmallLoad))));}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingWeightedClusterUpdateWeights) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const char* kNewCluster3Name = "new_cluster_3";  const char* kNewEdsService3Name = "new_eds_service_name_3";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 1000;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 10;  const size_t kWeight75 = 75;  const size_t kWeight25 = 25;  const size_t kWeight50 = 50;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args3({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(3, 4)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args3, kNewEdsService3Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  Cluster new_cluster3 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster3.set_name(kNewCluster3Name);  new_cluster3.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService3Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster3);  // Populating Route Configurations.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* weighted_cluster1 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster1->set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  weighted_cluster1->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight75);  auto* weighted_cluster2 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster2->set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  weighted_cluster2->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight25);  route1->mutable_route()      ->mutable_weighted_clusters()      ->mutable_total_weight()      ->set_value(kWeight75 + kWeight25);  auto* default_route = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1);  WaitForAllBackends(1, 3, true, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  const int weight_75_request_count =      backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service2()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  const int weight_25_request_count =      backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service1()->request_count());  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(weight_75_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  // TODO: (@donnadionne) Reduce tolerance: increased the tolerance to keep the  // test from flaking while debugging potential root cause.  const double kErrorToleranceSmallLoad = 0.3;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "target_75 received %d rpcs and target_25 received %d rpcs",          weight_75_request_count, weight_25_request_count);  EXPECT_THAT(weight_25_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorToleranceSmallLoad)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorToleranceSmallLoad))));  // Change Route Configurations: same clusters different weights.  weighted_cluster1->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight50);  weighted_cluster2->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight50);  // Change default route to a new cluster to help to identify when new polices  // are seen by the client.  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster3Name);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  ResetBackendCounters();  WaitForAllBackends(3, 4);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  const int weight_50_request_count_1 =      backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  const int weight_50_request_count_2 =      backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_THAT(weight_50_request_count_1,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight50 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight50 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  EXPECT_THAT(weight_50_request_count_2,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight50 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight50 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorTolerance))));}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingWeightedClusterUpdateClusters) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const char* kNewCluster3Name = "new_cluster_3";  const char* kNewEdsService3Name = "new_eds_service_name_3";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 1000;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 10;  const size_t kWeight75 = 75;  const size_t kWeight25 = 25;  const size_t kWeight50 = 50;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args3({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(3, 4)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args3, kNewEdsService3Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  Cluster new_cluster3 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster3.set_name(kNewCluster3Name);  new_cluster3.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService3Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster3);  // Populating Route Configurations.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* weighted_cluster1 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster1->set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  weighted_cluster1->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight75);  auto* weighted_cluster2 =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_weighted_clusters()->add_clusters();  weighted_cluster2->set_name(kDefaultClusterName);  weighted_cluster2->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight25);  route1->mutable_route()      ->mutable_weighted_clusters()      ->mutable_total_weight()      ->set_value(kWeight75 + kWeight25);  auto* default_route = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1);  WaitForAllBackends(1, 2, true, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  int weight_25_request_count =      backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  int weight_75_request_count =      backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service1()->request_count());  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(weight_75_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  // TODO: (@donnadionne) Reduce tolerance: increased the tolerance to keep the  // test from flaking while debugging potential root cause.  const double kErrorToleranceSmallLoad = 0.3;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "target_75 received %d rpcs and target_25 received %d rpcs",          weight_75_request_count, weight_25_request_count);  EXPECT_THAT(weight_25_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorToleranceSmallLoad)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorToleranceSmallLoad))));  // Change Route Configurations: new set of clusters with different weights.  weighted_cluster1->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight50);  weighted_cluster2->set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  weighted_cluster2->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight50);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  ResetBackendCounters();  WaitForAllBackends(2, 3, true, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  const int weight_50_request_count_1 =      backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  const int weight_50_request_count_2 =      backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_THAT(weight_50_request_count_1,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight50 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight50 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  EXPECT_THAT(weight_50_request_count_2,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight50 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight50 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  // Change Route Configurations.  weighted_cluster1->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight75);  weighted_cluster2->set_name(kNewCluster3Name);  weighted_cluster2->mutable_weight()->set_value(kWeight25);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  ResetBackendCounters();  WaitForAllBackends(3, 4, true, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  weight_75_request_count = backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  weight_25_request_count = backends_[3]->backend_service1()->request_count();  EXPECT_THAT(weight_75_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight75 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  // TODO: (@donnadionne) Reduce tolerance: increased the tolerance to keep the  // test from flaking while debugging potential root cause.  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "target_75 received %d rpcs and target_25 received %d rpcs",          weight_75_request_count, weight_25_request_count);  EXPECT_THAT(weight_25_request_count,              ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 - kErrorToleranceSmallLoad)),                               ::testing::Le(kNumEcho1Rpcs * kWeight25 / 100 *                                             (1 + kErrorToleranceSmallLoad))));}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingClusterUpdateClusters) {  const char* kNewClusterName = "new_cluster";  const char* kNewEdsServiceName = "new_eds_service_name";  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 5;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsServiceName));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster.set_name(kNewClusterName);  new_cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsServiceName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster);  // Send Route Configuration.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  // Change Route Configurations: new default cluster.  auto* default_route =      new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(1, 2);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  // Make sure RPCs all go to the correct backend.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingClusterUpdateClustersWithPickingDelays) {  const char* kNewClusterName = "new_cluster";  const char* kNewEdsServiceName = "new_eds_service_name";  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsServiceName));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster.set_name(kNewClusterName);  new_cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsServiceName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster);  // Bring down the current backend: 0, this will delay route picking time,  // resulting in un-committed RPCs.  ShutdownBackend(0);  // Send a RouteConfiguration with a default route that points to  // backend 0.  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  // Send exactly one RPC with no deadline and with wait_for_ready=true.  // This RPC will not complete until after backend 0 is started.  std::thread sending_rpc([this]() {    CheckRpcSendOk(1, RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true).set_timeout_ms(0));  });  // Send a non-wait_for_ready RPC which should fail, this will tell us  // that the client has received the update and attempted to connect.  const Status status = SendRpc(RpcOptions().set_timeout_ms(0));  EXPECT_FALSE(status.ok());  // Send a update RouteConfiguration to use backend 1.  auto* default_route =      new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  // Wait for RPCs to go to the new backend: 1, this ensures that the client has  // processed the update.  WaitForAllBackends(1, 2, false, RpcOptions(), true);  // Bring up the previous backend: 0, this will allow the delayed RPC to  // finally call on_call_committed upon completion.  StartBackend(0);  sending_rpc.join();  // Make sure RPCs go to the correct backend:  EXPECT_EQ(1, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(1, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingApplyXdsTimeout) {  const int64_t kTimeoutNano = 500000000;  const int64_t kTimeoutGrpcTimeoutHeaderMaxSecond = 1;  const int64_t kTimeoutMaxStreamDurationSecond = 2;  const int64_t kTimeoutHttpMaxStreamDurationSecond = 3;  const int64_t kTimeoutApplicationSecond = 4;  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const char* kNewCluster3Name = "new_cluster_3";  const char* kNewEdsService3Name = "new_eds_service_name_3";  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", {g_port_saver->GetPort()}},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", {g_port_saver->GetPort()}},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", {g_port_saver->GetPort()}},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args3({      {"locality0", {g_port_saver->GetPort()}},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args3, kNewEdsService3Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  Cluster new_cluster3 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster3.set_name(kNewCluster3Name);  new_cluster3.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService3Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster3);  HttpConnectionManager http_connection_manager;  // Set up HTTP max_stream_duration of 3.5 seconds  auto* duration =      http_connection_manager.mutable_common_http_protocol_options()          ->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration->set_seconds(kTimeoutHttpMaxStreamDurationSecond);  duration->set_nanos(kTimeoutNano);  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  // route 1: Set max_stream_duration of 2.5 seconds, Set  // grpc_timeout_header_max of 1.5  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/Echo1");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto* max_stream_duration =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration = max_stream_duration->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration->set_seconds(kTimeoutMaxStreamDurationSecond);  duration->set_nanos(kTimeoutNano);  duration = max_stream_duration->mutable_grpc_timeout_header_max();  duration->set_seconds(kTimeoutGrpcTimeoutHeaderMaxSecond);  duration->set_nanos(kTimeoutNano);  // route 2: Set max_stream_duration of 2.5 seconds  auto* route2 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route2->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest2Service/Echo2");  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  max_stream_duration = route2->mutable_route()->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration = max_stream_duration->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration->set_seconds(kTimeoutMaxStreamDurationSecond);  duration->set_nanos(kTimeoutNano);  // route 3: No timeout values in route configuration  auto* route3 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route3->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTestService/Echo");  route3->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster3Name);  if (GetParam().enable_rds_testing()) {    auto* rds = http_connection_manager.mutable_rds();    rds->set_route_config_name(kDefaultRouteConfigurationName);    rds->mutable_config_source()->mutable_ads();    auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();    listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(        http_connection_manager);    balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);    SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  } else {    *http_connection_manager.mutable_route_config() = new_route_config;    auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();    listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(        http_connection_manager);    balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  }  // Test grpc_timeout_header_max of 1.5 seconds applied  auto t0 = system_clock::now();  CheckRpcSendFailure(1,                      RpcOptions()                          .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1)                          .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO1)                          .set_wait_for_ready(true)                          .set_timeout_ms(kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000),                      StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED);  auto ellapsed_nano_seconds =      std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(system_clock::now() -                                                           t0);  EXPECT_GT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutGrpcTimeoutHeaderMaxSecond * 1000000000 + kTimeoutNano);  EXPECT_LT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutMaxStreamDurationSecond * 1000000000);  // Test max_stream_duration of 2.5 seconds applied  t0 = system_clock::now();  CheckRpcSendFailure(1,                      RpcOptions()                          .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO2)                          .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO2)                          .set_wait_for_ready(true)                          .set_timeout_ms(kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000),                      StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED);  ellapsed_nano_seconds = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(      system_clock::now() - t0);  EXPECT_GT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutMaxStreamDurationSecond * 1000000000 + kTimeoutNano);  EXPECT_LT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutHttpMaxStreamDurationSecond * 1000000000);  // Test http_stream_duration of 3.5 seconds applied  t0 = system_clock::now();  CheckRpcSendFailure(1,                      RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true).set_timeout_ms(                          kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000),                      StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED);  ellapsed_nano_seconds = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(      system_clock::now() - t0);  EXPECT_GT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutHttpMaxStreamDurationSecond * 1000000000 + kTimeoutNano);  EXPECT_LT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000000000);}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingApplyApplicationTimeoutWhenXdsTimeoutExplicit0) {  const int64_t kTimeoutNano = 500000000;  const int64_t kTimeoutMaxStreamDurationSecond = 2;  const int64_t kTimeoutHttpMaxStreamDurationSecond = 3;  const int64_t kTimeoutApplicationSecond = 4;  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", {g_port_saver->GetPort()}},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", {g_port_saver->GetPort()}},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", {g_port_saver->GetPort()}},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  HttpConnectionManager http_connection_manager;  // Set up HTTP max_stream_duration of 3.5 seconds  auto* duration =      http_connection_manager.mutable_common_http_protocol_options()          ->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration->set_seconds(kTimeoutHttpMaxStreamDurationSecond);  duration->set_nanos(kTimeoutNano);  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  // route 1: Set max_stream_duration of 2.5 seconds, Set  // grpc_timeout_header_max of 0  auto* route1 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/Echo1");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto* max_stream_duration =      route1->mutable_route()->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration = max_stream_duration->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration->set_seconds(kTimeoutMaxStreamDurationSecond);  duration->set_nanos(kTimeoutNano);  duration = max_stream_duration->mutable_grpc_timeout_header_max();  duration->set_seconds(0);  duration->set_nanos(0);  // route 2: Set max_stream_duration to 0  auto* route2 = new_route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route2->mutable_match()->set_path("/grpc.testing.EchoTest2Service/Echo2");  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  max_stream_duration = route2->mutable_route()->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration = max_stream_duration->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration->set_seconds(0);  duration->set_nanos(0);  if (GetParam().enable_rds_testing()) {    auto* rds = http_connection_manager.mutable_rds();    rds->set_route_config_name(kDefaultRouteConfigurationName);    rds->mutable_config_source()->mutable_ads();    auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();    listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(        http_connection_manager);    balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);    SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  } else {    *http_connection_manager.mutable_route_config() = new_route_config;    auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();    listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(        http_connection_manager);    balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  }  // Test application timeout is applied for route 1  auto t0 = system_clock::now();  CheckRpcSendFailure(1,                      RpcOptions()                          .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1)                          .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO1)                          .set_wait_for_ready(true)                          .set_timeout_ms(kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000),                      StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED);  auto ellapsed_nano_seconds =      std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(system_clock::now() -                                                           t0);  EXPECT_GT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000000000);  // Test application timeout is applied for route 2  t0 = system_clock::now();  CheckRpcSendFailure(1,                      RpcOptions()                          .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO2)                          .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO2)                          .set_wait_for_ready(true)                          .set_timeout_ms(kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000),                      StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED);  ellapsed_nano_seconds = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(      system_clock::now() - t0);  EXPECT_GT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000000000);}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingApplyApplicationTimeoutWhenHttpTimeoutExplicit0) {  const int64_t kTimeoutApplicationSecond = 4;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", {g_port_saver->GetPort()}},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  HttpConnectionManager http_connection_manager;  // Set up HTTP max_stream_duration to be explicit 0  auto* duration =      http_connection_manager.mutable_common_http_protocol_options()          ->mutable_max_stream_duration();  duration->set_seconds(0);  duration->set_nanos(0);  RouteConfiguration new_route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  if (GetParam().enable_rds_testing()) {    auto* rds = http_connection_manager.mutable_rds();    rds->set_route_config_name(kDefaultRouteConfigurationName);    rds->mutable_config_source()->mutable_ads();    auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();    listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(        http_connection_manager);    balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);    SetRouteConfiguration(0, new_route_config);  } else {    *http_connection_manager.mutable_route_config() = new_route_config;    auto listener = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_listener();    listener.mutable_api_listener()->mutable_api_listener()->PackFrom(        http_connection_manager);    balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetLdsResource(listener);  }  // Test application timeout is applied for route 1  auto t0 = system_clock::now();  CheckRpcSendFailure(1,                      RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true).set_timeout_ms(                          kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000),                      StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED);  auto ellapsed_nano_seconds =      std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(system_clock::now() -                                                           t0);  EXPECT_GT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000000000);}// Test to ensure application-specified deadline won't be affected when// the xDS config does not specify a timeout.TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingWithOnlyApplicationTimeout) {  const int64_t kTimeoutApplicationSecond = 4;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", {g_port_saver->GetPort()}},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  auto t0 = system_clock::now();  CheckRpcSendFailure(1,                      RpcOptions().set_wait_for_ready(true).set_timeout_ms(                          kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000),                      StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED);  auto ellapsed_nano_seconds =      std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(system_clock::now() -                                                           t0);  EXPECT_GT(ellapsed_nano_seconds.count(),            kTimeoutApplicationSecond * 1000000000);}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingHeadersMatching) {  const char* kNewClusterName = "new_cluster";  const char* kNewEdsServiceName = "new_eds_service_name";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 100;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 5;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsServiceName));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster.set_name(kNewClusterName);  new_cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsServiceName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* header_matcher1 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher1->set_name("header1");  header_matcher1->set_exact_match("POST,PUT,GET");  auto* header_matcher2 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher2->set_name("header2");  header_matcher2->mutable_safe_regex_match()->set_regex("[a-z]*");  auto* header_matcher3 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher3->set_name("header3");  header_matcher3->mutable_range_match()->set_start(1);  header_matcher3->mutable_range_match()->set_end(1000);  auto* header_matcher4 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher4->set_name("header4");  header_matcher4->set_present_match(false);  auto* header_matcher5 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher5->set_name("header5");  header_matcher5->set_prefix_match("/grpc");  auto* header_matcher6 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher6->set_name("header6");  header_matcher6->set_suffix_match(".cc");  header_matcher6->set_invert_match(true);  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewClusterName);  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> metadata = {      {"header1", "POST"}, {"header2", "blah"},      {"header3", "1"},    {"header5", "/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/"},      {"header1", "PUT"},  {"header6", "grpc.java"},      {"header1", "GET"},  };  const auto header_match_rpc_options = RpcOptions()                                            .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1)                                            .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO1)                                            .set_metadata(std::move(metadata));  // Make sure all backends are up.  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1);  WaitForAllBackends(1, 2, true, header_match_rpc_options);  // Send RPCs.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, header_match_rpc_options);  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service2()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho1Rpcs, backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service2()->request_count());  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingHeadersMatchingSpecialHeaderContentType) {  const char* kNewClusterName = "new_cluster";  const char* kNewEdsServiceName = "new_eds_service_name";  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 100;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsServiceName));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster.set_name(kNewClusterName);  new_cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsServiceName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  auto* header_matcher1 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher1->set_name("content-type");  header_matcher1->set_exact_match("notapplication/grpc");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewClusterName);  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  auto* header_matcher2 = default_route->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher2->set_name("content-type");  header_matcher2->set_exact_match("application/grpc");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  // Make sure the backend is up.  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1);  // Send RPCs.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs);  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingHeadersMatchingSpecialCasesToIgnore) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 100;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  auto* header_matcher1 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher1->set_name("grpc-foo-bin");  header_matcher1->set_present_match(true);  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto route2 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route2->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  auto* header_matcher2 = route2->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher2->set_name("grpc-previous-rpc-attempts");  header_matcher2->set_present_match(true);  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  // Send headers which will mismatch each route  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> metadata = {      {"grpc-foo-bin", "grpc-foo-bin"},      {"grpc-previous-rpc-attempts", "grpc-previous-rpc-attempts"},  };  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs, RpcOptions().set_metadata(metadata));  // Verify that only the default backend got RPCs since all previous routes  // were mismatched.  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count());  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingRuntimeFractionMatching) {  const char* kNewClusterName = "new_cluster";  const char* kNewEdsServiceName = "new_eds_service_name";  const size_t kNumRpcs = 1000;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsServiceName));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster.set_name(kNewClusterName);  new_cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsServiceName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()      ->mutable_runtime_fraction()      ->mutable_default_value()      ->set_numerator(25);  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewClusterName);  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(0, 2);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcs);  const int default_backend_count =      backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count();  const int matched_backend_count =      backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count();  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(default_backend_count,              ::testing::AllOf(                  ::testing::Ge(kNumRpcs * 75 / 100 * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                  ::testing::Le(kNumRpcs * 75 / 100 * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  EXPECT_THAT(matched_backend_count,              ::testing::AllOf(                  ::testing::Ge(kNumRpcs * 25 / 100 * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                  ::testing::Le(kNumRpcs * 25 / 100 * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingHeadersMatchingUnmatchCases) {  const char* kNewCluster1Name = "new_cluster_1";  const char* kNewEdsService1Name = "new_eds_service_name_1";  const char* kNewCluster2Name = "new_cluster_2";  const char* kNewEdsService2Name = "new_eds_service_name_2";  const char* kNewCluster3Name = "new_cluster_3";  const char* kNewEdsService3Name = "new_eds_service_name_3";  const size_t kNumEcho1Rpcs = 100;  const size_t kNumEchoRpcs = 5;  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args2({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(2, 3)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args3({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(3, 4)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsService1Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args2, kNewEdsService2Name));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args3, kNewEdsService3Name));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster1 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster1.set_name(kNewCluster1Name);  new_cluster1.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService1Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster1);  Cluster new_cluster2 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster2.set_name(kNewCluster2Name);  new_cluster2.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService2Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster2);  Cluster new_cluster3 = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster3.set_name(kNewCluster3Name);  new_cluster3.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsService3Name);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster3);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* header_matcher1 = route1->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher1->set_name("header1");  header_matcher1->set_exact_match("POST");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster1Name);  auto route2 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route2->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* header_matcher2 = route2->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher2->set_name("header2");  header_matcher2->mutable_range_match()->set_start(1);  header_matcher2->mutable_range_match()->set_end(1000);  route2->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster2Name);  auto route3 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  route3->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  auto* header_matcher3 = route3->mutable_match()->add_headers();  header_matcher3->set_name("header3");  header_matcher3->mutable_safe_regex_match()->set_regex("[a-z]*");  route3->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewCluster3Name);  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  // Send headers which will mismatch each route  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> metadata = {      {"header1", "POST"},      {"header2", "1000"},      {"header3", "123"},      {"header1", "GET"},  };  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEchoRpcs, RpcOptions().set_metadata(metadata));  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumEcho1Rpcs, RpcOptions()                                    .set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1)                                    .set_rpc_method(METHOD_ECHO1)                                    .set_metadata(metadata));  // Verify that only the default backend got RPCs since all previous routes  // were mismatched.  for (size_t i = 1; i < 4; ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());    EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[i]->backend_service1()->request_count());    EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[i]->backend_service2()->request_count());  }  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEchoRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumEcho1Rpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service2()->request_count());  const auto& response_state = RouteConfigurationResponseState(0);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}TEST_P(LdsRdsTest, XdsRoutingChangeRoutesWithoutChangingClusters) {  const char* kNewClusterName = "new_cluster";  const char* kNewEdsServiceName = "new_eds_service_name";  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // Populate new EDS resources.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args1({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args1, kNewEdsServiceName));  // Populate new CDS resources.  Cluster new_cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  new_cluster.set_name(kNewClusterName);  new_cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->set_service_name(      kNewEdsServiceName);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(new_cluster);  // Populating Route Configurations for LDS.  RouteConfiguration route_config =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_route_config();  auto* route1 = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->mutable_routes(0);  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest1Service/");  route1->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kNewClusterName);  auto* default_route = route_config.mutable_virtual_hosts(0)->add_routes();  default_route->mutable_match()->set_prefix("");  default_route->mutable_route()->set_cluster(kDefaultClusterName);  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  // Make sure all backends are up and that requests for each RPC  // service go to the right backends.  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1, false);  WaitForAllBackends(1, 2, false, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1, false, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO2));  // Requests for services Echo and Echo2 should have gone to backend 0.  EXPECT_EQ(1, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(1, backends_[0]->backend_service2()->request_count());  // Requests for service Echo1 should have gone to backend 1.  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(1, backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service2()->request_count());  // Now send an update that changes the first route to match a  // different RPC service, and wait for the client to make the change.  route1->mutable_match()->set_prefix("/grpc.testing.EchoTest2Service/");  SetRouteConfiguration(0, route_config);  WaitForAllBackends(1, 2, true, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO2));  // Now repeat the earlier test, making sure all traffic goes to the  // right place.  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1, false);  WaitForAllBackends(0, 1, false, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO1));  WaitForAllBackends(1, 2, false, RpcOptions().set_rpc_service(SERVICE_ECHO2));  // Requests for services Echo and Echo1 should have gone to backend 0.  EXPECT_EQ(1, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(1, backends_[0]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[0]->backend_service2()->request_count());  // Requests for service Echo2 should have gone to backend 1.  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0, backends_[1]->backend_service1()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(1, backends_[1]->backend_service2()->request_count());}using CdsTest = BasicTest;// Tests that CDS client should send an ACK upon correct CDS response.TEST_P(CdsTest, Vanilla) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  (void)SendRpc();  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->cds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::ACKED);}// Tests that CDS client should send a NACK if the cluster type in CDS response// is other than EDS.TEST_P(CdsTest, WrongClusterType) {  auto cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  cluster.set_type(Cluster::STATIC);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(cluster);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->cds_response_state();  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "DiscoveryType is not EDS.");}// Tests that CDS client should send a NACK if the eds_config in CDS response is// other than ADS.TEST_P(CdsTest, WrongEdsConfig) {  auto cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->mutable_eds_config()->mutable_self();  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(cluster);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->cds_response_state();  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "EDS ConfigSource is not ADS.");}// Tests that CDS client should send a NACK if the lb_policy in CDS response is// other than ROUND_ROBIN.TEST_P(CdsTest, WrongLbPolicy) {  auto cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  cluster.set_lb_policy(Cluster::LEAST_REQUEST);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(cluster);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->cds_response_state();  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "LB policy is not ROUND_ROBIN.");}// Tests that CDS client should send a NACK if the lrs_server in CDS response is// other than SELF.TEST_P(CdsTest, WrongLrsServer) {  auto cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  cluster.mutable_lrs_server()->mutable_ads();  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(cluster);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->cds_response_state();  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message, "LRS ConfigSource is not self.");}using EdsTest = BasicTest;// Tests that EDS client should send a NACK if the EDS update contains// sparse priorities.TEST_P(EdsTest, NacksSparsePriorityList) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args));  CheckRpcSendFailure();  const auto& response_state =      balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state();  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.state, AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NACKED);  EXPECT_EQ(response_state.error_message,            "EDS update includes sparse priority list");}// In most of our tests, we use different names for different resource// types, to make sure that there are no cut-and-paste errors in the code// that cause us to look at data for the wrong resource type.  So we add// this test to make sure that the EDS resource name defaults to the// cluster name if not specified in the CDS resource.TEST_P(EdsTest, EdsServiceNameDefaultsToClusterName) {  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, kDefaultClusterName));  Cluster cluster = balancers_[0]->ads_service()->default_cluster();  cluster.mutable_eds_cluster_config()->clear_service_name();  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetCdsResource(cluster);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendOk();}class TimeoutTest : public BasicTest { protected:  void SetUp() override {    xds_resource_does_not_exist_timeout_ms_ = 500;    BasicTest::SetUp();  }};// Tests that LDS client times out when no response received.TEST_P(TimeoutTest, Lds) {  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetResourceIgnore(kLdsTypeUrl);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();}TEST_P(TimeoutTest, Rds) {  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetResourceIgnore(kRdsTypeUrl);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();}// Tests that CDS client times out when no response received.TEST_P(TimeoutTest, Cds) {  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetResourceIgnore(kCdsTypeUrl);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();}TEST_P(TimeoutTest, Eds) {  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetResourceIgnore(kEdsTypeUrl);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  CheckRpcSendFailure();}using LocalityMapTest = BasicTest;// Tests that the localities in a locality map are picked according to their// weights.TEST_P(LocalityMapTest, WeightedRoundRobin) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 5000;  const int kLocalityWeight0 = 2;  const int kLocalityWeight1 = 8;  const int kTotalLocalityWeight = kLocalityWeight0 + kLocalityWeight1;  const double kLocalityWeightRate0 =      static_cast<double>(kLocalityWeight0) / kTotalLocalityWeight;  const double kLocalityWeightRate1 =      static_cast<double>(kLocalityWeight1) / kTotalLocalityWeight;  // ADS response contains 2 localities, each of which contains 1 backend.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kLocalityWeight0},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), kLocalityWeight1},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait for both backends to be ready.  WaitForAllBackends(0, 2);  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcs);  // The locality picking rates should be roughly equal to the expectation.  const double locality_picked_rate_0 =      static_cast<double>(backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count()) /      kNumRpcs;  const double locality_picked_rate_1 =      static_cast<double>(backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count()) /      kNumRpcs;  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(locality_picked_rate_0,              ::testing::AllOf(                  ::testing::Ge(kLocalityWeightRate0 * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                  ::testing::Le(kLocalityWeightRate0 * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  EXPECT_THAT(locality_picked_rate_1,              ::testing::AllOf(                  ::testing::Ge(kLocalityWeightRate1 * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                  ::testing::Le(kLocalityWeightRate1 * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));}// Tests that we correctly handle a locality containing no endpoints.TEST_P(LocalityMapTest, LocalityContainingNoEndpoints) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 5000;  // EDS response contains 2 localities, one with no endpoints.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},      {"locality1", {}},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait for both backends to be ready.  WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcs);  // All traffic should go to the reachable locality.  EXPECT_EQ(backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count(),            kNumRpcs / backends_.size());  EXPECT_EQ(backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count(),            kNumRpcs / backends_.size());  EXPECT_EQ(backends_[2]->backend_service()->request_count(),            kNumRpcs / backends_.size());  EXPECT_EQ(backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count(),            kNumRpcs / backends_.size());}// EDS update with no localities.TEST_P(LocalityMapTest, NoLocalities) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource({}, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  Status status = SendRpc();  EXPECT_FALSE(status.ok());  EXPECT_EQ(status.error_code(), StatusCode::UNAVAILABLE);}// Tests that the locality map can work properly even when it contains a large// number of localities.TEST_P(LocalityMapTest, StressTest) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumLocalities = 100;  // The first ADS response contains kNumLocalities localities, each of which  // contains backend 0.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args;  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumLocalities; ++i) {    std::string name = absl::StrCat("locality", i);    AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs::Locality locality(name,                                                       {backends_[0]->port()});    args.locality_list.emplace_back(std::move(locality));  }  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // The second ADS response contains 1 locality, which contains backend 1.  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  std::thread delayed_resource_setter(      std::bind(&BasicTest::SetEdsResourceWithDelay, this, 0,                AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()),                60 * 1000));  // Wait until backend 0 is ready, before which kNumLocalities localities are  // received and handled by the xds policy.  WaitForBackend(0, /*reset_counters=*/false);  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  // Wait until backend 1 is ready, before which kNumLocalities localities are  // removed by the xds policy.  WaitForBackend(1);  delayed_resource_setter.join();}// Tests that the localities in a locality map are picked correctly after update// (addition, modification, deletion).TEST_P(LocalityMapTest, UpdateMap) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 3000;  // The locality weight for the first 3 localities.  const std::vector<int> kLocalityWeights0 = {2, 3, 4};  const double kTotalLocalityWeight0 =      std::accumulate(kLocalityWeights0.begin(), kLocalityWeights0.end(), 0);  std::vector<double> locality_weight_rate_0;  locality_weight_rate_0.reserve(kLocalityWeights0.size());  for (int weight : kLocalityWeights0) {    locality_weight_rate_0.push_back(weight / kTotalLocalityWeight0);  }  // Delete the first locality, keep the second locality, change the third  // locality's weight from 4 to 2, and add a new locality with weight 6.  const std::vector<int> kLocalityWeights1 = {3, 2, 6};  const double kTotalLocalityWeight1 =      std::accumulate(kLocalityWeights1.begin(), kLocalityWeights1.end(), 0);  std::vector<double> locality_weight_rate_1 = {      0 /* placeholder for locality 0 */};  for (int weight : kLocalityWeights1) {    locality_weight_rate_1.push_back(weight / kTotalLocalityWeight1);  }  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), 2},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), 3},      {"locality2", GetBackendPorts(2, 3), 4},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait for the first 3 backends to be ready.  WaitForAllBackends(0, 3);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BEFORE FIRST BATCH ==========");  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcs);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= DONE WITH FIRST BATCH ==========");  // The picking rates of the first 3 backends should be roughly equal to the  // expectation.  std::vector<double> locality_picked_rates;  for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {    locality_picked_rates.push_back(        static_cast<double>(backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count()) /        kNumRpcs);  }  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "Locality %" PRIuPTR " rate %f", i,            locality_picked_rates[i]);    EXPECT_THAT(        locality_picked_rates[i],        ::testing::AllOf(            ::testing::Ge(locality_weight_rate_0[i] * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),            ::testing::Le(locality_weight_rate_0[i] * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  }  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), 3},      {"locality2", GetBackendPorts(2, 3), 2},      {"locality3", GetBackendPorts(3, 4), 6},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Backend 3 hasn't received any request.  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  // Wait until the locality update has been processed, as signaled by backend 3  // receiving a request.  WaitForAllBackends(3, 4);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BEFORE SECOND BATCH ==========");  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcs);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= DONE WITH SECOND BATCH ==========");  // Backend 0 no longer receives any request.  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  // The picking rates of the last 3 backends should be roughly equal to the  // expectation.  locality_picked_rates = {0 /* placeholder for backend 0 */};  for (size_t i = 1; i < 4; ++i) {    locality_picked_rates.push_back(        static_cast<double>(backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count()) /        kNumRpcs);  }  for (size_t i = 1; i < 4; ++i) {    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "Locality %" PRIuPTR " rate %f", i,            locality_picked_rates[i]);    EXPECT_THAT(        locality_picked_rates[i],        ::testing::AllOf(            ::testing::Ge(locality_weight_rate_1[i] * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),            ::testing::Le(locality_weight_rate_1[i] * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  }}// Tests that we don't fail RPCs when replacing all of the localities in// a given priority.TEST_P(LocalityMapTest, ReplaceAllLocalitiesInPriority) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2)},  });  std::thread delayed_resource_setter(std::bind(      &BasicTest::SetEdsResourceWithDelay, this, 0,      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()), 5000));  // Wait for the first backend to be ready.  WaitForBackend(0);  // Keep sending RPCs until we switch over to backend 1, which tells us  // that we received the update.  No RPCs should fail during this  // transition.  WaitForBackend(1, /*reset_counters=*/true, /*require_success=*/true);  delayed_resource_setter.join();}class FailoverTest : public BasicTest { public:  void SetUp() override {    BasicTest::SetUp();    ResetStub(500);  }};// Localities with the highest priority are used when multiple priority exist.TEST_P(FailoverTest, ChooseHighestPriority) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 2},      {"locality2", GetBackendPorts(2, 3), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 3},      {"locality3", GetBackendPorts(3, 4), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  WaitForBackend(3, false);  for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }}// Does not choose priority with no endpoints.TEST_P(FailoverTest, DoesNotUsePriorityWithNoEndpoints) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 2},      {"locality2", GetBackendPorts(2, 3), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 3},      {"locality3", {}, kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  WaitForBackend(0, false);  for (size_t i = 1; i < 3; ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }}// Does not choose locality with no endpoints.TEST_P(FailoverTest, DoesNotUseLocalityWithNoEndpoints) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", {}, kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait for all backends to be used.  std::tuple<int, int, int> counts = WaitForAllBackends();  // Make sure no RPCs failed in the transition.  EXPECT_EQ(0, std::get<1>(counts));}// If the higher priority localities are not reachable, failover to the highest// priority among the rest.TEST_P(FailoverTest, Failover) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 2},      {"locality2", GetBackendPorts(2, 3), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 3},      {"locality3", GetBackendPorts(3, 4), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},  });  ShutdownBackend(3);  ShutdownBackend(0);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  WaitForBackend(1, false);  for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {    if (i == 1) continue;    EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }}// If a locality with higher priority than the current one becomes ready,// switch to it.TEST_P(FailoverTest, SwitchBackToHigherPriority) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 100;  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 2},      {"locality2", GetBackendPorts(2, 3), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 3},      {"locality3", GetBackendPorts(3, 4), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},  });  ShutdownBackend(3);  ShutdownBackend(0);  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  WaitForBackend(1, false);  for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {    if (i == 1) continue;    EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }  StartBackend(0);  WaitForBackend(0);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcs);  EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcs, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());}// The first update only contains unavailable priorities. The second update// contains available priorities.TEST_P(FailoverTest, UpdateInitialUnavailable) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},      {"locality2", GetBackendPorts(2, 3), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 2},      {"locality3", GetBackendPorts(3, 4), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 3},  });  ShutdownBackend(0);  ShutdownBackend(1);  std::thread delayed_resource_setter(std::bind(      &BasicTest::SetEdsResourceWithDelay, this, 0,      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()), 1000));  gpr_timespec deadline = gpr_time_add(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME),                                       gpr_time_from_millis(500, GPR_TIMESPAN));  // Send 0.5 second worth of RPCs.  do {    CheckRpcSendFailure();  } while (gpr_time_cmp(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), deadline) < 0);  WaitForBackend(2, false);  for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {    if (i == 2) continue;    EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }  delayed_resource_setter.join();}// Tests that after the localities' priorities are updated, we still choose the// highest READY priority with the updated localities.TEST_P(FailoverTest, UpdatePriority) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 100;  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 2},      {"locality2", GetBackendPorts(2, 3), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 3},      {"locality3", GetBackendPorts(3, 4), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 2},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 2), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},      {"locality2", GetBackendPorts(2, 3), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},      {"locality3", GetBackendPorts(3, 4), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 3},  });  std::thread delayed_resource_setter(std::bind(      &BasicTest::SetEdsResourceWithDelay, this, 0,      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()), 1000));  WaitForBackend(3, false);  for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }  WaitForBackend(1);  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcs);  EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcs, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  delayed_resource_setter.join();}// Moves all localities in the current priority to a higher priority.TEST_P(FailoverTest, MoveAllLocalitiesInCurrentPriorityToHigherPriority) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  // First update:  // - Priority 0 is locality 0, containing backend 0, which is down.  // - Priority 1 is locality 1, containing backends 1 and 2, which are up.  ShutdownBackend(0);  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 3), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 1},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Second update:  // - Priority 0 contains both localities 0 and 1.  // - Priority 1 is not present.  // - We add backend 3 to locality 1, just so we have a way to know  //   when the update has been seen by the client.  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, 1), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},      {"locality1", GetBackendPorts(1, 4), kDefaultLocalityWeight, 0},  });  std::thread delayed_resource_setter(std::bind(      &BasicTest::SetEdsResourceWithDelay, this, 0,      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()), 1000));  // When we get the first update, all backends in priority 0 are down,  // so we will create priority 1.  Backends 1 and 2 should have traffic,  // but backend 3 should not.  WaitForAllBackends(1, 3, false);  EXPECT_EQ(0UL, backends_[3]->backend_service()->request_count());  // When backend 3 gets traffic, we know the second update has been seen.  WaitForBackend(3);  // The ADS service of balancer 0 got at least 1 response.  EXPECT_GT(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT);  delayed_resource_setter.join();}using DropTest = BasicTest;// Tests that RPCs are dropped according to the drop config.TEST_P(DropTest, Vanilla) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 5000;  const uint32_t kDropPerMillionForLb = 100000;  const uint32_t kDropPerMillionForThrottle = 200000;  const double kDropRateForLb = kDropPerMillionForLb / 1000000.0;  const double kDropRateForThrottle = kDropPerMillionForThrottle / 1000000.0;  const double KDropRateForLbAndThrottle =      kDropRateForLb + (1 - kDropRateForLb) * kDropRateForThrottle;  // The ADS response contains two drop categories.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  args.drop_categories = {{kLbDropType, kDropPerMillionForLb},                          {kThrottleDropType, kDropPerMillionForThrottle}};  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs and count the drops.  size_t num_drops = 0;  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumRpcs; ++i) {    EchoResponse response;    const Status status = SendRpc(RpcOptions(), &response);    if (!status.ok() &&        status.error_message() == "Call dropped by load balancing policy") {      ++num_drops;    } else {      EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok()) << "code=" << status.error_code()                               << " message=" << status.error_message();      EXPECT_EQ(response.message(), kRequestMessage);    }  }  // The drop rate should be roughly equal to the expectation.  const double seen_drop_rate = static_cast<double>(num_drops) / kNumRpcs;  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(      seen_drop_rate,      ::testing::AllOf(          ::testing::Ge(KDropRateForLbAndThrottle * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),          ::testing::Le(KDropRateForLbAndThrottle * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));}// Tests that drop config is converted correctly from per hundred.TEST_P(DropTest, DropPerHundred) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 5000;  const uint32_t kDropPerHundredForLb = 10;  const double kDropRateForLb = kDropPerHundredForLb / 100.0;  // The ADS response contains one drop category.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  args.drop_categories = {{kLbDropType, kDropPerHundredForLb}};  args.drop_denominator = FractionalPercent::HUNDRED;  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs and count the drops.  size_t num_drops = 0;  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumRpcs; ++i) {    EchoResponse response;    const Status status = SendRpc(RpcOptions(), &response);    if (!status.ok() &&        status.error_message() == "Call dropped by load balancing policy") {      ++num_drops;    } else {      EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok()) << "code=" << status.error_code()                               << " message=" << status.error_message();      EXPECT_EQ(response.message(), kRequestMessage);    }  }  // The drop rate should be roughly equal to the expectation.  const double seen_drop_rate = static_cast<double>(num_drops) / kNumRpcs;  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(      seen_drop_rate,      ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kDropRateForLb * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                       ::testing::Le(kDropRateForLb * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));}// Tests that drop config is converted correctly from per ten thousand.TEST_P(DropTest, DropPerTenThousand) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 5000;  const uint32_t kDropPerTenThousandForLb = 1000;  const double kDropRateForLb = kDropPerTenThousandForLb / 10000.0;  // The ADS response contains one drop category.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  args.drop_categories = {{kLbDropType, kDropPerTenThousandForLb}};  args.drop_denominator = FractionalPercent::TEN_THOUSAND;  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs and count the drops.  size_t num_drops = 0;  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumRpcs; ++i) {    EchoResponse response;    const Status status = SendRpc(RpcOptions(), &response);    if (!status.ok() &&        status.error_message() == "Call dropped by load balancing policy") {      ++num_drops;    } else {      EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok()) << "code=" << status.error_code()                               << " message=" << status.error_message();      EXPECT_EQ(response.message(), kRequestMessage);    }  }  // The drop rate should be roughly equal to the expectation.  const double seen_drop_rate = static_cast<double>(num_drops) / kNumRpcs;  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(      seen_drop_rate,      ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kDropRateForLb * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                       ::testing::Le(kDropRateForLb * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));}// Tests that drop is working correctly after update.TEST_P(DropTest, Update) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 3000;  const uint32_t kDropPerMillionForLb = 100000;  const uint32_t kDropPerMillionForThrottle = 200000;  const double kDropRateForLb = kDropPerMillionForLb / 1000000.0;  const double kDropRateForThrottle = kDropPerMillionForThrottle / 1000000.0;  const double KDropRateForLbAndThrottle =      kDropRateForLb + (1 - kDropRateForLb) * kDropRateForThrottle;  // The first ADS response contains one drop category.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  args.drop_categories = {{kLbDropType, kDropPerMillionForLb}};  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs and count the drops.  size_t num_drops = 0;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BEFORE FIRST BATCH ==========");  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumRpcs; ++i) {    EchoResponse response;    const Status status = SendRpc(RpcOptions(), &response);    if (!status.ok() &&        status.error_message() == "Call dropped by load balancing policy") {      ++num_drops;    } else {      EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok()) << "code=" << status.error_code()                               << " message=" << status.error_message();      EXPECT_EQ(response.message(), kRequestMessage);    }  }  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= DONE WITH FIRST BATCH ==========");  // The drop rate should be roughly equal to the expectation.  double seen_drop_rate = static_cast<double>(num_drops) / kNumRpcs;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "First batch drop rate %f", seen_drop_rate);  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.3;  EXPECT_THAT(      seen_drop_rate,      ::testing::AllOf(::testing::Ge(kDropRateForLb * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                       ::testing::Le(kDropRateForLb * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  // The second ADS response contains two drop categories, send an update EDS  // response.  args.drop_categories = {{kLbDropType, kDropPerMillionForLb},                          {kThrottleDropType, kDropPerMillionForThrottle}};  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait until the drop rate increases to the middle of the two configs, which  // implies that the update has been in effect.  const double kDropRateThreshold =      (kDropRateForLb + KDropRateForLbAndThrottle) / 2;  size_t num_rpcs = kNumRpcs;  while (seen_drop_rate < kDropRateThreshold) {    EchoResponse response;    const Status status = SendRpc(RpcOptions(), &response);    ++num_rpcs;    if (!status.ok() &&        status.error_message() == "Call dropped by load balancing policy") {      ++num_drops;    } else {      EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok()) << "code=" << status.error_code()                               << " message=" << status.error_message();      EXPECT_EQ(response.message(), kRequestMessage);    }    seen_drop_rate = static_cast<double>(num_drops) / num_rpcs;  }  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs and count the drops.  num_drops = 0;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BEFORE SECOND BATCH ==========");  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumRpcs; ++i) {    EchoResponse response;    const Status status = SendRpc(RpcOptions(), &response);    if (!status.ok() &&        status.error_message() == "Call dropped by load balancing policy") {      ++num_drops;    } else {      EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok()) << "code=" << status.error_code()                               << " message=" << status.error_message();      EXPECT_EQ(response.message(), kRequestMessage);    }  }  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= DONE WITH SECOND BATCH ==========");  // The new drop rate should be roughly equal to the expectation.  seen_drop_rate = static_cast<double>(num_drops) / kNumRpcs;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "Second batch drop rate %f", seen_drop_rate);  EXPECT_THAT(      seen_drop_rate,      ::testing::AllOf(          ::testing::Ge(KDropRateForLbAndThrottle * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),          ::testing::Le(KDropRateForLbAndThrottle * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));}// Tests that all the RPCs are dropped if any drop category drops 100%.TEST_P(DropTest, DropAll) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 1000;  const uint32_t kDropPerMillionForLb = 100000;  const uint32_t kDropPerMillionForThrottle = 1000000;  // The ADS response contains two drop categories.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args;  args.drop_categories = {{kLbDropType, kDropPerMillionForLb},                          {kThrottleDropType, kDropPerMillionForThrottle}};  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs and all of them are dropped.  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumRpcs; ++i) {    EchoResponse response;    const Status status = SendRpc(RpcOptions(), &response);    EXPECT_EQ(status.error_code(), StatusCode::UNAVAILABLE);    EXPECT_EQ(status.error_message(), "Call dropped by load balancing policy");  }}class BalancerUpdateTest : public XdsEnd2endTest { public:  BalancerUpdateTest() : XdsEnd2endTest(4, 3) {}};// Tests that the old LB call is still used after the balancer address update as// long as that call is still alive.TEST_P(BalancerUpdateTest, UpdateBalancersButKeepUsingOriginalBalancer) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", {backends_[0]->port()}},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality0", {backends_[1]->port()}},  });  balancers_[1]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait until the first backend is ready.  WaitForBackend(0);  // Send 10 requests.  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BEFORE FIRST BATCH ==========");  CheckRpcSendOk(10);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= DONE WITH FIRST BATCH ==========");  // All 10 requests should have gone to the first backend.  EXPECT_EQ(10U, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  // The ADS service of balancer 0 sent at least 1 response.  EXPECT_GT(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT);  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= ABOUT TO UPDATE 1 ==========");  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel({balancers_[1]->port()});  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= UPDATE 1 DONE ==========");  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  gpr_timespec deadline = gpr_time_add(      gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), gpr_time_from_millis(10000, GPR_TIMESPAN));  // Send 10 seconds worth of RPCs  do {    CheckRpcSendOk();  } while (gpr_time_cmp(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), deadline) < 0);  // The current LB call is still working, so xds continued using it to the  // first balancer, which doesn't assign the second backend.  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  // The ADS service of balancer 0 sent at least 1 response.  EXPECT_GT(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT);  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;}// Tests that the old LB call is still used after multiple balancer address// updates as long as that call is still alive. Send an update with the same set// of LBs as the one in SetUp() in order to verify that the LB channel inside// xds keeps the initial connection (which by definition is also present in the// update).TEST_P(BalancerUpdateTest, Repeated) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", {backends_[0]->port()}},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality0", {backends_[1]->port()}},  });  balancers_[1]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait until the first backend is ready.  WaitForBackend(0);  // Send 10 requests.  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BEFORE FIRST BATCH ==========");  CheckRpcSendOk(10);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= DONE WITH FIRST BATCH ==========");  // All 10 requests should have gone to the first backend.  EXPECT_EQ(10U, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  // The ADS service of balancer 0 sent at least 1 response.  EXPECT_GT(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT);  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  std::vector<int> ports;  ports.emplace_back(balancers_[0]->port());  ports.emplace_back(balancers_[1]->port());  ports.emplace_back(balancers_[2]->port());  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= ABOUT TO UPDATE 1 ==========");  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel(ports);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= UPDATE 1 DONE ==========");  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  gpr_timespec deadline = gpr_time_add(      gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), gpr_time_from_millis(10000, GPR_TIMESPAN));  // Send 10 seconds worth of RPCs  do {    CheckRpcSendOk();  } while (gpr_time_cmp(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), deadline) < 0);  // xds continued using the original LB call to the first balancer, which  // doesn't assign the second backend.  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  ports.clear();  ports.emplace_back(balancers_[0]->port());  ports.emplace_back(balancers_[1]->port());  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= ABOUT TO UPDATE 2 ==========");  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel(ports);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= UPDATE 2 DONE ==========");  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  deadline = gpr_time_add(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME),                          gpr_time_from_millis(10000, GPR_TIMESPAN));  // Send 10 seconds worth of RPCs  do {    CheckRpcSendOk();  } while (gpr_time_cmp(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), deadline) < 0);  // xds continued using the original LB call to the first balancer, which  // doesn't assign the second backend.  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());}// Tests that if the balancer is down, the RPCs will still be sent to the// backends according to the last balancer response, until a new balancer is// reachable.TEST_P(BalancerUpdateTest, DeadUpdate) {  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel({balancers_[0]->port()});  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", {backends_[0]->port()}},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality0", {backends_[1]->port()}},  });  balancers_[1]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Start servers and send 10 RPCs per server.  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BEFORE FIRST BATCH ==========");  CheckRpcSendOk(10);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= DONE WITH FIRST BATCH ==========");  // All 10 requests should have gone to the first backend.  EXPECT_EQ(10U, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  // The ADS service of balancer 0 sent at least 1 response.  EXPECT_GT(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT);  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  // Kill balancer 0  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "********** ABOUT TO KILL BALANCER 0 *************");  balancers_[0]->Shutdown();  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "********** KILLED BALANCER 0 *************");  // This is serviced by the existing child policy.  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BEFORE SECOND BATCH ==========");  CheckRpcSendOk(10);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= DONE WITH SECOND BATCH ==========");  // All 10 requests should again have gone to the first backend.  EXPECT_EQ(20U, backends_[0]->backend_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  // The ADS service of no balancers sent anything  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= ABOUT TO UPDATE 1 ==========");  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel({balancers_[1]->port()});  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= UPDATE 1 DONE ==========");  // Wait until update has been processed, as signaled by the second backend  // receiving a request. In the meantime, the client continues to be serviced  // (by the first backend) without interruption.  EXPECT_EQ(0U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  WaitForBackend(1);  // This is serviced by the updated RR policy  backends_[1]->backend_service()->ResetCounters();  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= BEFORE THIRD BATCH ==========");  CheckRpcSendOk(10);  gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "========= DONE WITH THIRD BATCH ==========");  // All 10 requests should have gone to the second backend.  EXPECT_EQ(10U, backends_[1]->backend_service()->request_count());  // The ADS service of balancer 1 sent at least 1 response.  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[0]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;  EXPECT_GT(balancers_[1]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT);  EXPECT_EQ(balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().state,            AdsServiceImpl::ResponseState::NOT_SENT)      << "Error Message:"      << balancers_[2]->ads_service()->eds_response_state().error_message;}class ClientLoadReportingTest : public XdsEnd2endTest { public:  ClientLoadReportingTest() : XdsEnd2endTest(4, 1, 3) {}};// Tests that the load report received at the balancer is correct.TEST_P(ClientLoadReportingTest, Vanilla) {  if (!GetParam().use_xds_resolver()) {    balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->set_cluster_names({kServerName});  }  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel({balancers_[0]->port()});  const size_t kNumRpcsPerAddress = 10;  const size_t kNumFailuresPerAddress = 3;  // TODO(juanlishen): Partition the backends after multiple localities is  // tested.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait until all backends are ready.  int num_ok = 0;  int num_failure = 0;  int num_drops = 0;  std::tie(num_ok, num_failure, num_drops) = WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcsPerAddress RPCs per server.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcsPerAddress * num_backends_);  CheckRpcSendFailure(kNumFailuresPerAddress * num_backends_,                      RpcOptions().set_server_fail(true));  // Check that each backend got the right number of requests.  for (size_t i = 0; i < backends_.size(); ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcsPerAddress + kNumFailuresPerAddress,              backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }  // The load report received at the balancer should be correct.  std::vector<ClientStats> load_report =      balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->WaitForLoadReport();  ASSERT_EQ(load_report.size(), 1UL);  ClientStats& client_stats = load_report.front();  EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcsPerAddress * num_backends_ + num_ok,            client_stats.total_successful_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_requests_in_progress());  EXPECT_EQ((kNumRpcsPerAddress + kNumFailuresPerAddress) * num_backends_ +                num_ok + num_failure,            client_stats.total_issued_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumFailuresPerAddress * num_backends_ + num_failure,            client_stats.total_error_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_dropped_requests());  // The LRS service got a single request, and sent a single response.  EXPECT_EQ(1U, balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(1U, balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->response_count());}// Tests send_all_clusters.TEST_P(ClientLoadReportingTest, SendAllClusters) {  balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->set_send_all_clusters(true);  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel({balancers_[0]->port()});  const size_t kNumRpcsPerAddress = 10;  const size_t kNumFailuresPerAddress = 3;  // TODO(juanlishen): Partition the backends after multiple localities is  // tested.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait until all backends are ready.  int num_ok = 0;  int num_failure = 0;  int num_drops = 0;  std::tie(num_ok, num_failure, num_drops) = WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcsPerAddress RPCs per server.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcsPerAddress * num_backends_);  CheckRpcSendFailure(kNumFailuresPerAddress * num_backends_,                      RpcOptions().set_server_fail(true));  // Check that each backend got the right number of requests.  for (size_t i = 0; i < backends_.size(); ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcsPerAddress + kNumFailuresPerAddress,              backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }  // The load report received at the balancer should be correct.  std::vector<ClientStats> load_report =      balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->WaitForLoadReport();  ASSERT_EQ(load_report.size(), 1UL);  ClientStats& client_stats = load_report.front();  EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcsPerAddress * num_backends_ + num_ok,            client_stats.total_successful_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_requests_in_progress());  EXPECT_EQ((kNumRpcsPerAddress + kNumFailuresPerAddress) * num_backends_ +                num_ok + num_failure,            client_stats.total_issued_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(kNumFailuresPerAddress * num_backends_ + num_failure,            client_stats.total_error_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_dropped_requests());  // The LRS service got a single request, and sent a single response.  EXPECT_EQ(1U, balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(1U, balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->response_count());}// Tests that we don't include stats for clusters that are not requested// by the LRS server.TEST_P(ClientLoadReportingTest, HonorsClustersRequestedByLrsServer) {  balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->set_cluster_names({"bogus"});  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel({balancers_[0]->port()});  const size_t kNumRpcsPerAddress = 100;  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait until all backends are ready.  int num_ok = 0;  int num_failure = 0;  int num_drops = 0;  std::tie(num_ok, num_failure, num_drops) = WaitForAllBackends();  // Send kNumRpcsPerAddress RPCs per server.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumRpcsPerAddress * num_backends_);  // Each backend should have gotten 100 requests.  for (size_t i = 0; i < backends_.size(); ++i) {    EXPECT_EQ(kNumRpcsPerAddress,              backends_[i]->backend_service()->request_count());  }  // The LRS service got a single request, and sent a single response.  EXPECT_EQ(1U, balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->request_count());  EXPECT_EQ(1U, balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->response_count());  // The load report received at the balancer should be correct.  std::vector<ClientStats> load_report =      balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->WaitForLoadReport();  ASSERT_EQ(load_report.size(), 0UL);}// Tests that if the balancer restarts, the client load report contains the// stats before and after the restart correctly.TEST_P(ClientLoadReportingTest, BalancerRestart) {  if (!GetParam().use_xds_resolver()) {    balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->set_cluster_names({kServerName});  }  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannel({balancers_[0]->port()});  const size_t kNumBackendsFirstPass = backends_.size() / 2;  const size_t kNumBackendsSecondPass =      backends_.size() - kNumBackendsFirstPass;  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(0, kNumBackendsFirstPass)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait until all backends returned by the balancer are ready.  int num_ok = 0;  int num_failure = 0;  int num_drops = 0;  std::tie(num_ok, num_failure, num_drops) =      WaitForAllBackends(/* start_index */ 0,                         /* stop_index */ kNumBackendsFirstPass);  std::vector<ClientStats> load_report =      balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->WaitForLoadReport();  ASSERT_EQ(load_report.size(), 1UL);  ClientStats client_stats = std::move(load_report.front());  EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(num_ok),            client_stats.total_successful_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_requests_in_progress());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_error_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_dropped_requests());  // Shut down the balancer.  balancers_[0]->Shutdown();  // We should continue using the last EDS response we received from the  // balancer before it was shut down.  // Note: We need to use WaitForAllBackends() here instead of just  // CheckRpcSendOk(kNumBackendsFirstPass), because when the balancer  // shuts down, the XdsClient will generate an error to the  // ServiceConfigWatcher, which will cause the xds resolver to send a  // no-op update to the LB policy.  When this update gets down to the  // round_robin child policy for the locality, it will generate a new  // subchannel list, which resets the start index randomly.  So we need  // to be a little more permissive here to avoid spurious failures.  ResetBackendCounters();  int num_started = std::get<0>(WaitForAllBackends(      /* start_index */ 0, /* stop_index */ kNumBackendsFirstPass));  // Now restart the balancer, this time pointing to the new backends.  balancers_[0]->Start();  args = AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts(kNumBackendsFirstPass)},  });  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  // Wait for queries to start going to one of the new backends.  // This tells us that we're now using the new serverlist.  std::tie(num_ok, num_failure, num_drops) =      WaitForAllBackends(/* start_index */ kNumBackendsFirstPass);  num_started += num_ok + num_failure + num_drops;  // Send one RPC per backend.  CheckRpcSendOk(kNumBackendsSecondPass);  num_started += kNumBackendsSecondPass;  // Check client stats.  load_report = balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->WaitForLoadReport();  ASSERT_EQ(load_report.size(), 1UL);  client_stats = std::move(load_report.front());  EXPECT_EQ(num_started, client_stats.total_successful_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_requests_in_progress());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_error_requests());  EXPECT_EQ(0U, client_stats.total_dropped_requests());}class ClientLoadReportingWithDropTest : public XdsEnd2endTest { public:  ClientLoadReportingWithDropTest() : XdsEnd2endTest(4, 1, 20) {}};// Tests that the drop stats are correctly reported by client load reporting.TEST_P(ClientLoadReportingWithDropTest, Vanilla) {  if (!GetParam().use_xds_resolver()) {    balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->set_cluster_names({kServerName});  }  SetNextResolution({});  SetNextResolutionForLbChannelAllBalancers();  const size_t kNumRpcs = 3000;  const uint32_t kDropPerMillionForLb = 100000;  const uint32_t kDropPerMillionForThrottle = 200000;  const double kDropRateForLb = kDropPerMillionForLb / 1000000.0;  const double kDropRateForThrottle = kDropPerMillionForThrottle / 1000000.0;  const double KDropRateForLbAndThrottle =      kDropRateForLb + (1 - kDropRateForLb) * kDropRateForThrottle;  // The ADS response contains two drop categories.  AdsServiceImpl::EdsResourceArgs args({      {"locality0", GetBackendPorts()},  });  args.drop_categories = {{kLbDropType, kDropPerMillionForLb},                          {kThrottleDropType, kDropPerMillionForThrottle}};  balancers_[0]->ads_service()->SetEdsResource(      AdsServiceImpl::BuildEdsResource(args, DefaultEdsServiceName()));  int num_ok = 0;  int num_failure = 0;  int num_drops = 0;  std::tie(num_ok, num_failure, num_drops) = WaitForAllBackends();  const size_t num_warmup = num_ok + num_failure + num_drops;  // Send kNumRpcs RPCs and count the drops.  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumRpcs; ++i) {    EchoResponse response;    const Status status = SendRpc(RpcOptions(), &response);    if (!status.ok() &&        status.error_message() == "Call dropped by load balancing policy") {      ++num_drops;    } else {      EXPECT_TRUE(status.ok()) << "code=" << status.error_code()                               << " message=" << status.error_message();      EXPECT_EQ(response.message(), kRequestMessage);    }  }  // The drop rate should be roughly equal to the expectation.  const double seen_drop_rate = static_cast<double>(num_drops) / kNumRpcs;  const double kErrorTolerance = 0.2;  EXPECT_THAT(      seen_drop_rate,      ::testing::AllOf(          ::testing::Ge(KDropRateForLbAndThrottle * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),          ::testing::Le(KDropRateForLbAndThrottle * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  // Check client stats.  const size_t total_rpc = num_warmup + kNumRpcs;  ClientStats client_stats;  do {    std::vector<ClientStats> load_reports =        balancers_[0]->lrs_service()->WaitForLoadReport();    for (const auto& load_report : load_reports) {      client_stats += load_report;    }  } while (client_stats.total_issued_requests() +               client_stats.total_dropped_requests() <           total_rpc);  EXPECT_EQ(num_drops, client_stats.total_dropped_requests());  EXPECT_THAT(      client_stats.dropped_requests(kLbDropType),      ::testing::AllOf(          ::testing::Ge(total_rpc * kDropRateForLb * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),          ::testing::Le(total_rpc * kDropRateForLb * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));  EXPECT_THAT(client_stats.dropped_requests(kThrottleDropType),              ::testing::AllOf(                  ::testing::Ge(total_rpc * (1 - kDropRateForLb) *                                kDropRateForThrottle * (1 - kErrorTolerance)),                  ::testing::Le(total_rpc * (1 - kDropRateForLb) *                                kDropRateForThrottle * (1 + kErrorTolerance))));}std::string TestTypeName(const ::testing::TestParamInfo<TestType>& info) {  return info.param.AsString();}// TestType params:// - use_xds_resolver// - enable_load_reporting// - enable_rds_testing = false// - use_v2 = falseINSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, BasicTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(false, true),                                           TestType(false, false),                                           TestType(true, false),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);// Run with both fake resolver and xds resolver.// Don't run with load reporting or v2 or RDS, since they are irrelevant to// the tests.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, SecureNamingTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(false, false),                                           TestType(true, false)),                         &TestTypeName);// LDS depends on XdsResolver.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, LdsTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(true, false),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);// LDS/RDS commmon tests depend on XdsResolver.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, LdsRdsTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(true, false),                                           TestType(true, true),                                           TestType(true, false, true),                                           TestType(true, true, true),                                           // Also test with xDS v2.                                           TestType(true, true, true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);// CDS depends on XdsResolver.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, CdsTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(true, false),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);// EDS could be tested with or without XdsResolver, but the tests would// be the same either way, so we test it only with XdsResolver.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, EdsTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(true, false),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);// Test initial resource timeouts for each resource type.// Do this only for XdsResolver with RDS enabled, so that we can test// all resource types.// Run with V3 only, since the functionality is no different in V2.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, TimeoutTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(true, false, true)),                         &TestTypeName);// XdsResolverOnlyTest depends on XdsResolver.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, XdsResolverOnlyTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(true, false),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);// XdsResolverLoadReprtingOnlyTest depends on XdsResolver and load reporting.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, XdsResolverLoadReportingOnlyTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, LocalityMapTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(false, true),                                           TestType(false, false),                                           TestType(true, false),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, FailoverTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(false, true),                                           TestType(false, false),                                           TestType(true, false),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, DropTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(false, true),                                           TestType(false, false),                                           TestType(true, false),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, BalancerUpdateTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(false, true),                                           TestType(false, false),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);// Load reporting tests are not run with load reporting disabled.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, ClientLoadReportingTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(false, true),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);// Load reporting tests are not run with load reporting disabled.INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(XdsTest, ClientLoadReportingWithDropTest,                         ::testing::Values(TestType(false, true),                                           TestType(true, true)),                         &TestTypeName);}  // namespace}  // namespace testing}  // namespace grpcint main(int argc, char** argv) {  grpc::testing::TestEnvironment env(argc, argv);  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);  grpc::testing::WriteBootstrapFiles();  grpc::testing::g_port_saver = new grpc::testing::PortSaver();  const auto result = RUN_ALL_TESTS();  return result;}
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